feat: HA for schema registry

[tabVersion]

I hereby agree to the terms of the RisingWave Labs, Inc. Contributor License Agreement.

What's changed and what's your intention?

high availability for schema registry.
RisingWave will request all provided URLs and return the first successful one.

Checklist

• I have written necessary rustdoc comments
• I have added necessary unit tests and integration tests
• I have added fuzzing tests or opened an issue to track them. (Optional, recommended for new SQL features Sqlsmith: Sql feature generation #7934).
• My PR contains breaking changes. (If it deprecates some features, please create a tracking issue to remove them in the future).
• All checks passed in ./risedev check (or alias, ./risedev c)
• My PR changes performance-critical code. (Please run macro/micro-benchmarks and show the results.)

• My PR contains critical fixes that are necessary to be merged into the latest release. (Please check out the details)

Documentation

• My PR needs documentation updates. (Please use the Release note section below to summarize the impact on users)

Release note

for schema registry related, we gonna allow multiple URLs chained up by , like kafka brokers

CREATE TABLE upsert_student_avro_json ()
WITH (
	connector = 'kafka',
  properties.bootstrap.server = 'message_queue:29092',
	topic = 'upsert_student_avro_json')
FORMAT UPSERT ENCODE AVRO (schema.registry = 'http://message_queue1:8081,http://message_queue2:8081,http://message_queue3:8081');

[wugouzi]

Are we going to support this feature in frontend in this pr?

[tabVersion]

Are we going to support this feature in frontend in this pr?

No, we will let user to specify multiple addrs in schema registry

eg. schema.registry = 'http://127.0.0.1:6789,http://127.0.0.1:7890'

[wugouzi]

LGTM

[hzxa21]

Rest LGTM

[neverchanje]

Thanks Bohan, I've read the code and it looks great.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #11982 (a0d8da9) into main (ff623ee) will decrease coverage by 0.03%.
Report is 7 commits behind head on main.
The diff coverage is 26.03%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #11982      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   69.81%   69.79%   -0.03%     
==========================================
  Files        1402     1402              
  Lines      234730   234820      +90     
==========================================
+ Hits       163888   163890       +2     
- Misses      70842    70930      +88     

Flag	Coverage Δ
rust	69.79% <26.03%> (-0.03%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files Changed	Coverage Δ
src/connector/src/parser/debezium/avro_parser.rs	45.53% <0.00%> (+0.40%)	⬆️
src/connector/src/parser/json_parser.rs	83.98% <0.00%> (ø)
src/connector/src/parser/schema_registry/client.rs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
src/connector/src/parser/schema_registry/util.rs	33.61% <40.40%> (+33.61%)	⬆️
src/connector/src/parser/avro/parser.rs	69.83% <50.00%> (+0.16%)	⬆️
src/connector/src/parser/protobuf/parser.rs	68.81% <50.00%> (ø)

... and 6 files with indirect coverage changes

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