[chore][security] bump go version to 1.23.8 (#12813) #29608

Job	Run time
govulncheck	34s
setup-environment	12s
checks	2m 41s
lint	4m 43s
test-coverage	11m 1s
unittest-matrix (ubuntu-latest, ~1.24)	2m 25s
unittest-matrix (ubuntu-latest, ~1.23)	2m 19s
cross-build-collector (aix, ppc64)	42s
cross-build-collector (darwin, amd64)	55s
cross-build-collector (darwin, arm64)	49s
cross-build-collector (linux, 386)	47s
cross-build-collector (linux, amd64)	50s
cross-build-collector (linux, arm64)	50s
cross-build-collector (linux, ppc64le)	51s
cross-build-collector (linux, arm, 7)	44s
cross-build-collector (linux, s390x)	48s
cross-build-collector (windows, 386)	51s
cross-build-collector (windows, amd64)	52s
unittest	1s
	32m 55s

Provide feedback