Managed to put Nodebook inside a Docker image.
All credits go to the original author - netgusto.
docker run -it --rm \
--privileged \
-p 8080:80 \
-v "$PWD"/docker:/var/lib/docker \
-v "$PWD"/notebooks:/notebooks \
msjpq/nodebook
Remove -v "$PWD"/docker:/var/lib/docker
for Mac.
--privileged
is required to Docker in Docker to work
"$PWD"/docker:/var/lib/docker
allows for caching