Define "execution result" and "request error result"

spec/Section 6 -- Execution.md

@@ -310,12 +310,12 @@ MapSourceToResponseEvent(sourceStream, subscription, schema, variableValues):
 
 - Let {responseStream} be a new _event stream_.
 - When {sourceStream} emits {sourceValue}:
-  - Let {response} be the result of running
+  - Let {executionResult} be the result of running
     {ExecuteSubscriptionEvent(subscription, schema, variableValues,
     sourceValue)}.
   - If internal {error} was raised:
     - Cancel {sourceStream}.
-    - Complete {responseStream} with {error}.
+    - Complete {executionResult} with {error}.
   - Otherwise emit {response} on {responseStream}.
 - When {sourceStream} completes normally:
   - Complete {responseStream} normally.
@@ -827,23 +827,24 @@ or coercion, at a specific _response position_. While these errors must be
 reported in the response, they are "handled" by producing partial {"data"} in
 the _response_.
 
-Note: This is distinct from a _request error_ which results in a response with
-no data.
+Note: This is distinct from a _request error_ which results in a _request error
+result_ with no data.
 
 If an execution error is raised while resolving a field (either directly or
 nested inside any lists), it is handled as though the _response position_ at
 which the error occurred resolved to {null}, and the error must be added to the
-{"errors"} list in the response.
+{"errors"} list in the _execution result_.
 
 If the result of resolving a _response position_ is {null} (either due to the
 result of {ResolveFieldValue()} or because an execution error was raised), and
 that position is of a `Non-Null` type, then an execution error is raised at that
-position. The error must be added to the {"errors"} list in the response.
+position. The error must be added to the {"errors"} list in the _execution
+result_.
 
 If a _response position_ resolves to {null} because of an execution error which
-has already been added to the {"errors"} list in the response, the {"errors"}
-list must not be further affected. That is, only one error should be added to
-the errors list per _response position_.
+has already been added to the {"errors"} list in the _execution result_, the
+{"errors"} list must not be further affected. That is, only one error should be
+added to the errors list per _response position_.
 
 Since `Non-Null` response positions cannot be {null}, execution errors are
 propagated to be handled by the parent _response position_. If the parent
@@ -857,5 +858,5 @@ position_ must resolve to {null}. If the `List` type is also wrapped in a
 `Non-Null`, the execution error continues to propagate upwards.
 
 If every _response position_ from the root of the request to the source of the
-execution error has a `Non-Null` type, then the {"data"} entry in the response
-should be {null}.
+execution error has a `Non-Null` type, then the {"data"} entry in the _execution
+result_ should be {null}.

spec/Section 7 -- Response.md

@@ -9,40 +9,66 @@ the case that any _execution error_ was raised and replaced with {null}.
 
 ## Response Format
 
-A GraphQL request returns either a _response_ or a _response stream_.
+:: A GraphQL request returns a _response_. A _response_ is either an _execution
+result_, a _response stream_, or a _request error result_.
 
-### Response
+### Execution Result
 
-:: A GraphQL request returns a _response_ when the GraphQL operation is a query
-or mutation. A _response_ must be a map.
+:: A GraphQL request returns an _execution result_ when the GraphQL operation is
+a query or mutation and the request included execution. Additionally, for each
+event in a subscription's _source stream_, the _response stream_ will emit an
+_execution result_.
 
-If the request raised any errors, the response map must contain an entry with
-key {"errors"}. The value of this entry is described in the "Errors" section. If
-the request completed without raising any errors, this entry must not be
-present.
+An _execution result_ must be map.
 
-If the request included execution, the response map must contain an entry with
-key {"data"}. The value of this entry is described in the "Data" section. If the
-request failed before execution, due to a syntax error, missing information, or
-validation error, this entry must not be present.
+The _execution result_ must contain an entry with key {"data"}. The value of
+this entry is described in the "Data" section.
 
-The response map may also contain an entry with key `extensions`. This entry, if
-set, must have a map as its value. This entry is reserved for implementers to
-extend the protocol however they see fit, and hence there are no additional
-restrictions on its contents.
+If execution raised any errors, the _execution result_ must contain an entry
+with key {"errors"}. The value of this entry must be a non-empty list of
+_execution error_ raised during execution. Each error must be a map as described
+in the "Errors" section below. If the request completed without raising any
+errors, this entry must not be present.
 
-To ensure future changes to the protocol do not break existing services and
-clients, the top level response map must not contain any entries other than the
-three described above.
+Note: When {"errors"} is present in a _execution result_, it may be helpful for
+it to appear first when serialized to make it more apparent that errors are
+present.
 
-Note: When {"errors"} is present in the response, it may be helpful for it to
-appear first when serialized to make it more clear when errors are present in a
-response during debugging.
+The _execution result_ may also contain an entry with key `extensions`. The
+value of this entry is described in the "Extensions" section.
 
 ### Response Stream
 
 :: A GraphQL request returns a _response stream_ when the GraphQL operation is a
-subscription. A _response stream_ must be a stream of _response_.
+subscription and the request included execution. A response stream must be a
+stream of _execution result_.
+
+### Request Error Result
+
+:: A GraphQL request returns a _request error result_ when one or more _request
+error_ are raised, causing the request to fail before execution. This request
+will result in no response data.
+
+Note: A _request error_ may be raised before execution due to missing
+information, syntax errors, validation failure, coercion failure, or any other
+reason the implementation may determine should prevent the request from
+proceeding.
+
+A _request error result_ must be a map.
+
+The _request error result_ map must contain an entry with key {"errors"}. The
+value of this entry must be a non-empty list of _request error_ raised during
+the _request_. It must contain at least one indicating why no data was able to
+be returned. Each error must be a map as described in the "Errors" section
+below.
+
+Note: It may be helpful for the {"errors"} key to appear first when serialized
+to make it more apparent that errors are present.
+
+The _request error result_ map must not contain an entry with key {"data"}.
+
+The _request error result_ map may also contain an entry with key `extensions`.
+The value of this entry is described in the "Extensions" section.
 
 ### Response Position
 
@@ -89,37 +115,25 @@ found at `["hero", "friends"]`, the hero's first friend at
 
 ### Data
 
-The {"data"} entry in the response will be the result of the execution of the
-requested operation. If the operation was a query, this output will be an object
-of the query root operation type; if the operation was a mutation, this output
-will be an object of the mutation root operation type.
+The {"data"} entry in the _execution result_ will be the result of the execution
+of the requested operation. If the operation was a query, this output will be an
+object of the query root operation type; if the operation was a mutation, this
+output will be an object of the mutation root operation type.
 
 The response data is the result of accumulating the resolved result of all
 response positions during execution.
 
-If an error was raised before execution begins, the {"data"} entry should not be
-present in the response.
+If an error was raised before execution begins, the _response_ must be a
+_request error result_ which will result in no response data.
 
 If an error was raised during the execution that prevented a valid response, the
 {"data"} entry in the response should be `null`.
 
 ### Errors
 
-The {"errors"} entry in the response is a non-empty list of errors raised during
-the _request_, where each error is a map of data described by the error result
-format below.
-
-If present, the {"errors"} entry in the response must contain at least one
-error. If no errors were raised during the request, the {"errors"} entry must
-not be present in the response.
-
-If the {"data"} entry in the response is not present, the {"errors"} entry must
-be present. It must contain at least one _request error_ indicating why no data
-was able to be returned.
-
-If the {"data"} entry in the response is present (including if it is the value
-{null}), the {"errors"} entry must be present if and only if one or more
-_execution error_ was raised during execution.
+The {"errors"} entry in the _execution result_ or _request error result_ is a
+non-empty list of errors raised during the _request_, where each error is a map
+of data described by the error result format below.
 
 **Request Errors**
 
@@ -130,9 +144,9 @@ to determine which operation to execute, or invalid input values for variables.
 
 A request error is typically the fault of the requesting client.
 
-If a request error is raised, the {"data"} entry in the response must not be
-present, the {"errors"} entry must include the error, and request execution
-should be halted.
+If a request error is raised, the _response_ must be a _request error result_.
+The {"data"} entry in this map must not be present, the {"errors"} entry must
+include the error, and request execution should be halted.
 
 **Execution Errors**
 
@@ -307,6 +321,20 @@ discouraged.
 }
 ```
 
+### Extensions
+
+The {"extensions"} entry in an _execution result_ or _request error result_, if
+set, must have a map as its value. This entry is reserved for implementers to
+extend the protocol however they see fit, and hence there are no additional
+restrictions on its contents.
+
+### Additional Entries
+
+To ensure future changes to the protocol do not break existing services and
+clients, the _execution result_ and _request error result_ maps must not contain
+any entries other than those described above. Clients must ignore any entries
+other than those described above.
+
 ## Serialization Format
 
 GraphQL does not require a specific serialization format. However, clients