ld/macho: add all missing load commands

[mistydemeo]

The ld/macho code currently understands a subset of the mach-o load
commands. I've encountered one of these in the wild in a Go-produced
binary, which tripped up the Go linker because its switch statement
expects its list of load commands to be exhaustive; the rest I've
added for the sake of completion.

The ruby-macho library is a good non-Darwin header resource for these:
https://github.com/homebrew/ruby-macho

Fixes #25908

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Message from Brad Fitzpatrick:

Patch Set 1:

[+iant]

Misty, unless this fixes a currently-open bug for Go 1.11, we're generally pushing off all changes until August when the Go 1.12 tree opens. (https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/Go-Release-Cycle)

If there's not an open bug, though, please open one with more details. We generally leave most discussion & details on GitHub and just have commits reference the issues.

Thanks.

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Message from Misty De Méo:

Patch Set 1:

Patch Set 1:

[+iant]

Misty, unless this fixes a currently-open bug for Go 1.11, we're generally pushing off all changes until August when the Go 1.12 tree opens. (https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/Go-Release-Cycle)

If there's not an open bug, though, please open one with more details. We generally leave most discussion & details on GitHub and just have commits reference the issues.

Sorry for not opening a bug first! This does fix a specific bug I've encountered. I've filed one on GitHub: #25908

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Message from Ian Lance Taylor:

Patch Set 1: Run-TryBot+1

This is OK for 1.11.

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Message from Gobot Gobot:

Patch Set 1:

TryBots beginning. Status page: https://farmer.golang.org/try?commit=952816ae

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Message from Ian Lance Taylor:

Patch Set 1:

(1 comment)

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Build is still in progress...
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Message from Gobot Gobot:

Patch Set 1: TryBot-Result-1

1 of 17 TryBots failed:
Failed on misc-vet-vetall: https://storage.googleapis.com/go-build-log/952816ae/misc-vet-vetall_73df0fd2.log

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Message from Misty De Méo:

Patch Set 2: Commit message was updated.

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Uploaded patch set 3: Commit message was updated.

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Uploaded patch set 4: Commit message was updated.

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Message from Ian Lance Taylor:

Patch Set 4: Code-Review+2

Thanks.

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This PR is being closed because golang.org/cl/119115 has been merged.