kafka-scheduler

A scalable, distributed Kafka message scheduler with only a Kafka cluster as a dependency.

Why?

Some applications or microservices run without any database or external dependency only sending and receiving messages through Kafka.

If they have to schedule some tasks for example

Send out a reminder email every day if a user has not verified their email
Generate an export every 30 minutes
...

the application has to make sure that the task is executed exactly once. Even if the application moves to another node on a Kubernetes cluster.

The usual way to handle persistent jobs would be to use Quartz, Hangfire or Jobrunr. But all of them depend on a database.

Why should I have to introduce a database into my stack if I can "just" stay with Kafka?

How?

Kafka-scheduler lets you schedule a Kafka message with a desired key, value and headers and when you want to receive them on which topic. This way your application receives the message as a trigger and can execute the business logic on the desired schedule.

OneTimeCommand

A fire-and-forget command will be triggered at a certain point in the future.

sequenceDiagram
    autonumber
    note right of Application: Topic: one-time-commands<br>Headers<br>kafka-scheduler-key: myKey<br>kafka-scheduler-topic: mytopic<br>kafka-scheduler-when:2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00
    Application->>Kafka-Scheduler: key:value
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Kafka-Scheduler: Schedule
    note right of Application: Topic: mytopic
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Application: mykey:value

Headers

Header	Description
kafka-scheduler-key	The kafka message key used as a unique id so it can be cancelled
kafka-scheduler-value	The Kafka message value you want to receive back
kafka-scheduler-when	A ISO-6801 configured Timestamp

Key and Value

Field	Description
Key	The kafka message key used as a unique id so it can be cancelled
Value	The Kafka message value you want to receive back

RecurringCommand

A command which will be triggered on a CRON schedule

sequenceDiagram
    autonumber
    note right of Application: Topic: recurring-commands<br>Headers<br>kafka-scheduler-key: myKey<br>kafka-scheduler-topic: mytopic<br>kafka-scheduler-cron: */5 * * * * *
    Application->>Kafka-Scheduler: key:value
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Kafka-Scheduler: Schedule
    note right of Application: Topic: mytopic
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Application: mykey:value
    note right of Application: Topic: mytopic
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Application: mykey:value
    note right of Application: Topic: mytopic
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Application: mykey:value

Headers

Header	Description
kafka-scheduler-key	The kafka message key used as a unique id so it can be cancelled
kafka-scheduler-value	The Kafka message value you want to receive back
kafka-scheduler-cron	A cron expression with extended syntax support]

Key and Value

Field	Description
Key	The kafka message key used as a unique id so it can be cancelled
Value	The Kafka message value you want to receive back

FixedRateCommand

A command which a defined duration between runs

sequenceDiagram
    autonumber
    note right of Application: Topic: fixed-rate-commands<br>Headers<br>kafka-scheduler-key: myKey<br>kafka-scheduler-topic: mytopic<br>kafka-scheduler-period: PT5S
    Application->>Kafka-Scheduler: key:value
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Kafka-Scheduler: Schedule
    note right of Application: Topic: mytopic
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Application: mykey:value
    note right of Application: Topic: mytopic
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Application: mykey:value
    note right of Application: Topic: mytopic
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Application: mykey:value

Headers

Header	Description
kafka-scheduler-key	The kafka message key used as a unique id so it can be cancelled
kafka-scheduler-value	The Kafka message value you want to receive back
kafka-scheduler-period	A ISO-8601 Duration

Key and Value

Field	Description
Key	The kafka message key used as a unique id so it can be cancelled
Value	The Kafka message value you want to receive back

Cancelling Commands

All commands can be cancelled by sending a Kafka tombstone message with the same key which was used to schedule the command.

sequenceDiagram
    autonumber
    note right of Application: Topic: one-time-commands<br>Headers<br>kafka-scheduler-key: myKey<br>kafka-scheduler-topic: mytopic<br>kafka-scheduler-when:2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00
    Application->>Kafka-Scheduler: key:value
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Kafka-Scheduler: Schedule
    note right of Application: Topic: one-time-commands<br>Headers
    Application->>Kafka-Scheduler: key:null
    Kafka-Scheduler->>Kafka-Scheduler: Cancel scheduled command

Client SDK

TBD

Detailed Documentation

TBD

Other Kafka scheduler implementations

kafka-message-scheduler - Awesome implementation by @etf in Go. Only supports OneTimeCommands but has memory optimizations and an Admin UI.

high-available-task-scheduling - Implementation by @cbenaveen using Kafka Streams.

Acknowledgements

@rdehuyss for creating JobRunr the easiest to use scheduling library in the JVM space.

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License

eifinger/kafka-scheduler

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