[#464] c api

[elfenpiff]

Notes for Reviewer

• Implements the C and C++ binding for log.
• It renames the Logger trait for custom loggers to Log to be more in line with the Rust naming scheme - traits are verbs
• provides user convenience functions to set the file logger as default logger

Pre-Review Checklist for the PR Author

1. Add sensible notes for the reviewer
2. PR title is short, expressive and meaningful
3. Relevant issues are linked in the References section
4. Every source code file has a copyright header with SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 OR MIT
5. Branch follows the naming format (iox2-123-introduce-posix-ipc-example)
6. Commits messages are according to this guideline
   • Commit messages have the issue ID ([#123] Add posix ipc example)
   • Commit author matches Eclipse Contributor Agreement (and ECA is signed)
7. Tests follow the best practice for testing
8. Changelog updated in the unreleased section including API breaking changes
9. Assign PR to reviewer
10. All checks have passed (except task-list-completed)

Checklist for the PR Reviewer

• Commits are properly organized and messages are according to the guideline
• Unit tests have been written for new behavior
• Public API is documented
• PR title describes the changes

Post-review Checklist for the PR Author

1. All open points are addressed and tracked via issues

References

Relates to #464

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 7.69231% with 12 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 78.90%. Comparing base (6f20ebd) to head (4f105f3).
Report is 13 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
iceoryx2-bb/log/src/logger/mod.rs	0.00%	11 Missing ⚠️
iceoryx2-bb/log/src/lib.rs	50.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #466      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   79.00%   78.90%   -0.10%     
==========================================
  Files         197      198       +1     
  Lines       23637    23650      +13     
==========================================
- Hits        18674    18662      -12     
- Misses       4963     4988      +25     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
iceoryx2-bb/log/src/logger/buffer.rs	0.00% <ø> (ø)
iceoryx2-bb/log/src/logger/console.rs	51.82% <ø> (ø)
iceoryx2-bb/log/src/logger/file.rs	0.00% <ø> (ø)
iceoryx2-bb/log/src/lib.rs	64.00% <50.00%> (ø)
iceoryx2-bb/log/src/logger/mod.rs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)

... and 10 files with indirect coverage changes

[elBoberido]

Wouldn't it make sense to just use the iceoryx1 logging mechanism and forward the messages to the Rust logger?

We would basically get lazy evaluation for free and also logging complex messages without having to stringify it first.

[elfenpiff]

We have to talk about this. I lean to prefer that we have one single mechanism and that in the future - iceoryx2_hoofs would then also use it.

But the lazy evaluation and the existing infrastructure is a strong argument to not dismiss what we already have.

Maybe we can merge both of them together ...