perf: Add Get() on InstanceType provider

[jonathan-innis]

Fixes #N/A

Description

Improve performance on List() NodeClaims on the cloudprovider by not resolving all instance types every single iteration across the instance types.

How was this change tested?

make presubmit
/karpenter snapshot

Does this change impact docs?

• Yes, PR includes docs updates
• Yes, issue opened: #
• No

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license.

[netlify]

✅ Deploy Preview for karpenter-docs-prod canceled.

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[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 15202516228

Details

• 56 of 104 (53.85%) changed or added relevant lines in 3 files are covered.
• 2 unchanged lines in 2 files lost coverage.
• Overall coverage decreased (-0.2%) to 66.628%

---

Changes Missing Coverage	Covered Lines	Changed/Added Lines	%
pkg/cloudprovider/cloudprovider.go	4	20	20.0%
pkg/providers/instancetype/instancetype.go	44	76	57.89%

Files with Coverage Reduction	New Missed Lines	%
pkg/providers/instance/instance.go	1	92.66%
pkg/providers/instancetype/instancetype.go	1	81.7%

Totals
Change from base Build 15198787956:	-0.2%
Covered Lines:	6930
Relevant Lines:	10401

---

💛 - Coveralls

[jonathan-innis]

/karpenter snapshot

[github-actions]

Snapshot successfully published to oci://021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/karpenter/snapshot/karpenter:0-8bfa16bc0064516840c80a7ef00c3eb9845bb1b9.
To install you must login to the ECR repo with an AWS account:

aws ecr get-login-password --region us-east-1 | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin 021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com

helm upgrade --install karpenter oci://021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/karpenter/snapshot/karpenter --version "0-8bfa16bc0064516840c80a7ef00c3eb9845bb1b9" --namespace "kube-system" --create-namespace \
  --set "settings.clusterName=${CLUSTER_NAME}" \
  --set "settings.interruptionQueue=${CLUSTER_NAME}" \
  --set controller.resources.requests.cpu=1 \
  --set controller.resources.requests.memory=1Gi \
  --set controller.resources.limits.cpu=1 \
  --set controller.resources.limits.memory=1Gi \
  --wait

[jonathan-innis]

/karpenter snapshot

[github-actions]

Snapshot successfully published to oci://021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/karpenter/snapshot/karpenter:0-aa65967ff361bd715b5e0e0ee84a07814fb3edbb.
To install you must login to the ECR repo with an AWS account:

aws ecr get-login-password --region us-east-1 | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin 021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com

helm upgrade --install karpenter oci://021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/karpenter/snapshot/karpenter --version "0-aa65967ff361bd715b5e0e0ee84a07814fb3edbb" --namespace "kube-system" --create-namespace \
  --set "settings.clusterName=${CLUSTER_NAME}" \
  --set "settings.interruptionQueue=${CLUSTER_NAME}" \
  --set controller.resources.requests.cpu=1 \
  --set controller.resources.requests.memory=1Gi \
  --set controller.resources.limits.cpu=1 \
  --set controller.resources.limits.memory=1Gi \
  --wait

[jmdeal]

LGTM 🚀