Add -ea workflow (both JDK-ea and JavaFX-ea)

[koppor]

Ports https://github.com/JabRef/jabref/blob/v6.0-alpha2/.github/workflows/deployment-jdk-ea.yml to here

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• Related: How to use -ea versions openjfx/javafx-gradle-plugin#174
• Follow-up to Enable JDK-EA builds again #13036

Mandatory checks

• I own the copyright of the code submitted and I license it under the MIT license
• [.] Change in CHANGELOG.md described in a way that is understandable for the average user (if change is visible to the user)
• [.] Tests created for changes (if applicable)
• [.] Manually tested changed features in running JabRef (always required)
• [.] Screenshots added in PR description (if change is visible to the user)
• [.] Checked developer's documentation: Is the information available and up to date? If not, I outlined it in this pull request.
• [.] Checked documentation: Is the information available and up to date? If not, I created an issue at https://github.com/JabRef/user-documentation/issues or, even better, I submitted a pull request to the documentation repository.

[github-actions]

The build for this PR is no longer available. Please visit https://builds.jabref.org/main/ for the latest build.

[koppor]

Works

[trag-bot]

@trag-bot didn't find any issues in the code! ✅✨

[Siedlerchr]

Mac workflow needs to be updated to reflect the latest changes! from #13032