Input: move duplicate code to utils

[benelan]

Description

As we split Input into multiple components by type (Input Number, Input Text, Input Time, etc.) we are starting to get a lot of duplicate code. We should move the duplicate code to a new util: src/utils/input.ts.

Proposed Advantages

It will make bugs easier to fix in the future when everything is in one place.

Which Component

• calcite-input
• calcite-input-text
• calcite-input-number
• calcite-input-time (once @eriklharper is done)

Any new calcite-input- components we create should use the utils.

Relevant Info

No response

[eriklharper]

Original comment that sparked this issue for context: #5149 (comment)
Link doesn't really work above, so screenshotting the comment for full context:

[geospatialem]

This refactor would be a good one to conduct prior to our main release in September to clean up 'ze code.