[Fix #482] Change Performance/CollectionLiteralInLoop to not register offenses for Array#include? that are optimized directly in Ruby.

Since `include?` on arrays are the only instances I ever run across this cop, I think it makes sense to add special handling for this.

On Ruby 3.4 this does no array allocations:
```
require "memory_profiler"

class Foo
  def bar
    Bar.new
  end
end

class Bar
  def baz
  end
end

foo = Foo.new
report = MemoryProfiler.report do
  [1,2].include?(foo.bar.baz)
end.pretty_print
```

Also, this code is simply slower on Ruby 3.4:

```rb
require "benchmark/ips"

local = [301, 302]
val = 301
Benchmark.ips do |x|
  x.report('local') do
    local.include?(val)
  end

  x.report('literal') do
    [301, 302].include?(val)
  end
  x.compare!
end
```

```
$ ruby test.rb
ruby 3.4.1 (2024-12-25 revision 48d4efcb85) +PRISM [x86_64-linux]
Warming up --------------------------------------
               local     1.822M i/100ms
             literal     2.296M i/100ms
Calculating -------------------------------------
               local     18.235M (± 1.6%) i/s   (54.84 ns/i) -     92.906M in   5.096277s
             literal     22.807M (± 1.5%) i/s   (43.85 ns/i) -    114.789M in   5.034289s

Comparison:
             literal: 22806932.0 i/s
               local: 18235340.7 i/s - 1.25x  slower
```

Author: Earlopain

changelog/change_collection_literal_include_ruby34.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#482](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop-performance/issues/482): Change `Performance/CollectionLiteralInLoop` to not register offenses for `Array#include?` that are optimized directly in Ruby. ([@earlopain][])

lib/rubocop/cop/performance/collection_literal_in_loop.rb

@@ -12,6 +12,14 @@ module Performance
       # You can set the minimum number of elements to consider
       # an offense with `MinSize`.
       #
+      # NOTE: Since Ruby 3.4, certain simple arguments to `Array#include?` are
+      # optimized directly in Ruby. This avoids allocations without changing the
+      # code, as such no offense will be registered in those cases. Currently that
+      # includes: strings, `self`, local variables, instance variables, and method
+      # calls without arguments. Additionally, any number of methods can be chained:
+      # `[1, 2, 3].include?(@foo)` and `[1, 2, 3].include?(@foo.bar.baz)` both avoid
+      # the array allocation.
+      #
       # @example
       #   # bad
       #   users.select do |user|
@@ -55,6 +63,8 @@ class CollectionLiteralInLoop < Base
 
         ARRAY_METHODS = (ENUMERABLE_METHOD_NAMES | NONMUTATING_ARRAY_METHODS).to_set.freeze
 
+        ARRAY_INCLUDE_OPTIMIZED_TYPES = %i[str self lvar ivar send].freeze
+
         NONMUTATING_HASH_METHODS = %i[< <= == > >= [] any? assoc compact dig
                                       each each_key each_pair each_value empty?
                                       eql? fetch fetch_values filter flatten has_key?
@@ -80,21 +90,42 @@ class CollectionLiteralInLoop < Base
         PATTERN
 
         def on_send(node)
-          receiver, method, = *node.children
-          return unless check_literal?(receiver, method) && parent_is_loop?(receiver)
+          receiver, method, *arguments = *node.children
+          return unless check_literal?(receiver, method, arguments) && parent_is_loop?(receiver)
 
           message = format(MSG, literal_class: literal_class(receiver))
           add_offense(receiver, message: message)
         end
 
         private
 
-        def check_literal?(node, method)
+        def check_literal?(node, method, arguments)
           !node.nil? &&
             nonmutable_method_of_array_or_hash?(node, method) &&
             node.children.size >= min_size &&
-            node.recursive_basic_literal?
+            node.recursive_basic_literal? &&
+            !optimized_array_include?(node, method, arguments)
+        end
+
+        # Since Ruby 3.4, simple arguments to Array#include? are optimized.
+        # See https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/12123 for more details.
+        # rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
+        def optimized_array_include?(node, method, arguments)
+          return false unless target_ruby_version >= 3.4 && node.array_type? && method == :include?
+          # Disallow include?(1, 2)
+          return false if arguments.count != 1
+
+          arg = arguments.first
+          # Allow `include?(foo.bar.baz.bat)`
+          while arg.send_type?
+            return false if arg.arguments.any? # Disallow include?(foo(bar))
+            break unless arg.receiver
+
+            arg = arg.receiver
+          end
+          ARRAY_INCLUDE_OPTIMIZED_TYPES.include?(arg.type)
         end
+        # rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
 
         def nonmutable_method_of_array_or_hash?(node, method)
           (node.array_type? && ARRAY_METHODS.include?(method)) ||

spec/rubocop/cop/performance/collection_literal_in_loop_spec.rb

@@ -269,4 +269,74 @@
       RUBY
     end
   end
+
+  context 'when Ruby >= 3.4', :ruby34 do
+    # TODO: Remove when the minimum supported RuboCop knows about Ruby 3.4
+    let(:ruby_version) { 3.4 }
+
+    it 'registers an offense for `include?` on a Hash literal' do
+      expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+        each do
+          { foo: :bar }.include?(:foo)
+          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Avoid immutable Hash literals in loops. It is better to extract it into a local variable or a constant.
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'registers an offense for other array methods' do
+      expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+        each do
+          [1, 2, 3].index(foo)
+          ^^^^^^^^^ Avoid immutable Array literals in loops. It is better to extract it into a local variable or a constant.
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    context 'when using an Array literal and calling `include?`' do
+      [
+        '"string"',
+        'self',
+        'local_variable',
+        'method_call',
+        '@instance_variable'
+      ].each do |argument|
+        it "registers no offense when the argument is #{argument}" do
+          expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+            #{'local_variable = 123' if argument == 'local_variable'}
+            array.all? do |e|
+              [1, 2, 3].include?(#{argument})
+            end
+          RUBY
+        end
+
+        it "registers no offense when the argument is #{argument} with method chain" do
+          expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+            #{'local_variable = 123' if argument == 'local_variable'}
+            array.all? do |e|
+              [1, 2, 3].include?(#{argument}.call)
+            end
+          RUBY
+        end
+
+        it "registers no offense when the argument is #{argument} with double method chain" do
+          expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+            #{'local_variable = 123' if argument == 'local_variable'}
+            array.all? do |e|
+              [1, 2, 3].include?(#{argument}.call.call)
+            end
+          RUBY
+        end
+
+        it "registers no offense when the argument is #{argument} with method chain and arguments" do
+          expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+            #{'local_variable = 123' if argument == 'local_variable'}
+            array.all? do |e|
+              [1, 2, 3].include?(#{argument}.call(true))
+              ^^^^^^^^^ Avoid immutable Array literals in loops. It is better to extract it into a local variable or a constant.
+            end
+          RUBY
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end