path: update win32 toNamespacedPath to support device namespace paths

Author: injunchoi98

lib/path.js

@@ -180,6 +180,29 @@ function glob(path, pattern, windows) {
   });
 }
 
+// Regular expressions to identify special device names in Windows.
+// COM to AUX (e.g., COM1, LPT1, NUL, CON, CONIN$, PRN, AUX) are reserved OS device names.
+// therefore, Paths like C:\path\to\COM1 map to \\.\COM1, referencing hardware or system streams.
+// Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/naming-a-file#maximum-path-length-limitation
+//
+// PhysicalDrive to Changer (e.g., PhysicalDrive1, TAPE0, Changer0) are not reserved OS device names.
+// Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/fileapi/nf-fileapi-createfilea
+const windowDevicePatterns = [
+  /([\\/])?(COM\d+)$/i,
+  /([\\/])?(LPT\d+)$/i,
+  /([\\/])?(NUL)$/i,
+  /([\\/])?(CON)$/i,
+  /([\\/])?(PRN)$/i,
+  /([\\/])?(AUX)$/i,
+  /([\\/])?(CONIN\$)$/i,
+  /([\\/])?(CONOUT\$)$/i,
+  /^(PHYSICALDRIVE\d+)$/i,
+  /^(PIPE\\.+)$/i,
+  /^(MAILSLOT\\.+)$/i,
+  /^(TAPE\d+)$/i,
+  /^(CHANGER\d+)$/i,
+];
+
 const win32 = {
   /**
    * path.resolve([from ...], to)
@@ -687,6 +710,19 @@ const win32 = {
     if (typeof path !== 'string' || path.length === 0)
       return path;
 
+    // Check if the path matches any device pattern
+    if (windowDevicePatterns.some((pattern) => pattern.test(path))) {
+      let deviceName;
+      if (/^(PIPE\\.+)$/i.test(path) || /^(MAILSLOT\\.+)$/i.test(path)) {
+        // If the path starts with PIPE\ or MAILSLOT\, keep it as is
+        deviceName = path;
+      } else {
+        // Extract the last component after the last slash or backslash
+        deviceName = path.split(/[\\/]/).pop();
+      }
+      return `\\\\.\\${deviceName}`;
+    }
+
     const resolvedPath = win32.resolve(path);
 
     if (resolvedPath.length <= 2)

test/parallel/test-path-makelong.js

@@ -39,8 +39,34 @@ if (common.isWindows) {
   assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath(
     '\\\\?\\UNC\\someserver\\someshare\\somefile'),
                      '\\\\?\\UNC\\someserver\\someshare\\somefile');
+  // Device name tests
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('C:\\path\\COM1'),
+                     '\\\\.\\COM1');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('COM1'),
+                     '\\\\.\\COM1');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('LPT1'),
+                     '\\\\.\\LPT1');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('C:\\LPT1'),
+                     '\\\\.\\LPT1');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('PhysicalDrive0'),
+                     '\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive0');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('pipe\\mypipe'),
+                     '\\\\.\\pipe\\mypipe');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('MAILSLOT\\mySlot'),
+                     '\\\\.\\MAILSLOT\\mySlot');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('NUL'),
+                     '\\\\.\\NUL');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('Tape0'),
+                     '\\\\.\\Tape0');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('Changer0'),
+                     '\\\\.\\Changer0');
+  // Test cases for inputs with "\\.\" prefix
   assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('\\\\.\\pipe\\somepipe'),
                      '\\\\.\\pipe\\somepipe');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('\\\\.\\COM1'),
+                     '\\\\.\\COM1');
+  assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath('\\\\.\\LPT1'),
+                     '\\\\.\\LPT1');
 }
 
 assert.strictEqual(path.toNamespacedPath(''), '');