googleapis
diff --git a/‎.github/.OwlBot.lock.yaml
+1-1 b/‎.github/.OwlBot.lock.yaml
+1-1
diff --git a/‎.github/sync-repo-settings.yaml
+4-4 b/‎.github/sync-repo-settings.yaml
+4-4
diff --git a/‎.kokoro/build.sh
+1-1 b/‎.kokoro/build.sh
+1-1
diff --git a/‎.kokoro/test-samples-impl.sh
+1-1 b/‎.kokoro/test-samples-impl.sh
+1-1
diff --git a/‎CHANGELOG.md
+47 b/‎CHANGELOG.md
+47
diff --git a/‎CONTRIBUTING.rst
+8-8 b/‎CONTRIBUTING.rst
+8-8
diff --git a/‎docs/conf.py
+7-5 b/‎docs/conf.py
+7-5
diff --git a/‎docs/usage/pandas.rst
+14 b/‎docs/usage/pandas.rst
+14
diff --git a/‎google/cloud/bigquery/_helpers.py
+24 b/‎google/cloud/bigquery/_helpers.py
+24
diff --git a/‎google/cloud/bigquery/_pandas_helpers.py
+74-5 b/‎google/cloud/bigquery/_pandas_helpers.py
+74-5
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 docker:
   image: gcr.io/repo-automation-bots/owlbot-python:latest
-  digest: sha256:50e35228649c47b6ca82aa0be3ff9eb2afce51c82b66c4a03fe4afeb5ff6c0fc
+  digest: sha256:0ffe3bdd6c7159692df5f7744da74e5ef19966288a6bf76023e8e04e0c424d7d
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-# https://github.com/googleapis/repo-automation-bots/tree/master/packages/sync-repo-settings
-# Rules for master branch protection
+# https://github.com/googleapis/repo-automation-bots/tree/main/packages/sync-repo-settings
+# Rules for main branch protection
 branchProtectionRules:
 # Identifies the protection rule pattern. Name of the branch to be protected.
-# Defaults to `master`
-- pattern: master
+# Defaults to `main`
+- pattern: main
   requiresCodeOwnerReviews: true
   requiresStrictStatusChecks: true
   requiredStatusCheckContexts:
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ python3 -m pip install --upgrade --quiet nox
 python3 -m nox --version
 
 # If this is a continuous build, send the test log to the FlakyBot.
-# See https://github.com/googleapis/repo-automation-bots/tree/master/packages/flakybot.
+# See https://github.com/googleapis/repo-automation-bots/tree/main/packages/flakybot.
 if [[ $KOKORO_BUILD_ARTIFACTS_SUBDIR = *"continuous"* ]]; then
   cleanup() {
     chmod +x $KOKORO_GFILE_DIR/linux_amd64/flakybot
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ for file in samples/**/requirements.txt; do
     EXIT=$?
 
     # If this is a periodic build, send the test log to the FlakyBot.
-    # See https://github.com/googleapis/repo-automation-bots/tree/master/packages/flakybot.
+    # See https://github.com/googleapis/repo-automation-bots/tree/main/packages/flakybot.
     if [[ $KOKORO_BUILD_ARTIFACTS_SUBDIR = *"periodic"* ]]; then
       chmod +x $KOKORO_GFILE_DIR/linux_amd64/flakybot
       $KOKORO_GFILE_DIR/linux_amd64/flakybot
 
@@ -5,6 +5,53 @@
 [1]: https://pypi.org/project/google-cloud-bigquery/#history
 
 
+## [2.26.0](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/compare/v2.25.2...v2.26.0) (2021-09-01)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* set the X-Server-Timeout header when timeout is set ([#927](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/927)) ([ba02f24](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/commit/ba02f248ba9c449c34859579a4011f4bfd2f4a93))
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* guard imports against unsupported pyarrow versions ([#934](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/934)) ([b289076](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/commit/b28907693bbe889becc1b9c8963f0a7e1ee6c35a))
+
+### [2.25.2](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/compare/v2.25.1...v2.25.2) (2021-08-31)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* error inserting DataFrame with REPEATED field ([#925](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/925)) ([656d2fa](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/commit/656d2fa6f870573a21235c83463752a2d084caba))
+* underscores weren't allowed in struct field names when passing parameters to the DB API ([#930](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/930)) ([fcb0bc6](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/commit/fcb0bc68c972c2c98bb8542f54e9228308177ecb))
+
+
+### Documentation
+
+* update docstring for bigquery_create_routine sample ([#883](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/883)) ([#917](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/917)) ([e2d12b7](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/commit/e2d12b795ef2dc51b0ee36f1b3000edb1e64ce05))
+
+### [2.25.1](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/compare/v2.25.0...v2.25.1) (2021-08-25)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* populate default `timeout` and retry after client-side timeout ([#896](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/896)) ([b508809](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/commit/b508809c0f887575274309a463e763c56ddd017d))
+* use REST API in cell magic when requested ([#892](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/892)) ([1cb3e55](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/commit/1cb3e55253e824e3a1da5201f6ec09065fb6b627))
+
+## [2.25.0](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/compare/v2.24.1...v2.25.0) (2021-08-24)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* Support using GeoPandas for GEOGRAPHY columns ([#848](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/848)) ([16f65e6](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/commit/16f65e6ae15979217ceea6c6d398c9057a363a13))
+
+### [2.24.1](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/compare/v2.24.0...v2.24.1) (2021-08-13)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* remove pytz dependency and require pyarrow>=3.0.0 ([#875](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/875)) ([2cb3563](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/commit/2cb3563ee863edef7eaf5d04d739bcfe7bc6438e))
+
 ## [2.24.0](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/compare/v2.23.3...v2.24.0) (2021-08-11)
 
 
 
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ You'll have to create a development environment using a Git checkout:
    # Configure remotes such that you can pull changes from the googleapis/python-bigquery
    # repository into your local repository.
    $ git remote add upstream [email protected]:googleapis/python-bigquery.git
-   # fetch and merge changes from upstream into master
+   # fetch and merge changes from upstream into main
    $ git fetch upstream
-   $ git merge upstream/master
+   $ git merge upstream/main
 
 Now your local repo is set up such that you will push changes to your GitHub
 repo, from which you can submit a pull request.
@@ -110,12 +110,12 @@ Coding Style
   variables::
 
    export GOOGLE_CLOUD_TESTING_REMOTE="upstream"
-   export GOOGLE_CLOUD_TESTING_BRANCH="master"
+   export GOOGLE_CLOUD_TESTING_BRANCH="main"
 
   By doing this, you are specifying the location of the most up-to-date
-  version of ``python-bigquery``. The the suggested remote name ``upstream``
-  should point to the official ``googleapis`` checkout and the
-  the branch should be the main branch on that remote (``master``).
+  version of ``python-bigquery``. The
+  remote name ``upstream`` should point to the official ``googleapis``
+  checkout and the branch should be the default branch on that remote (``main``).
 
 - This repository contains configuration for the
   `pre-commit <https://pre-commit.com/>`__ tool, which automates checking
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ The `description on PyPI`_ for the project comes directly from the
 ``README``. Due to the reStructuredText (``rst``) parser used by
 PyPI, relative links which will work on GitHub (e.g. ``CONTRIBUTING.rst``
 instead of
-``https://github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.rst``)
+``https://github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.rst``)
 may cause problems creating links or rendering the description.
 
 .. _description on PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/google-cloud-bigquery
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ We support:
 
 Supported versions can be found in our ``noxfile.py`` `config`_.
 
-.. _config: https://github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/blob/master/noxfile.py
+.. _config: https://github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/blob/main/noxfile.py
 
 
 We also explicitly decided to support Python 3 beginning with version 3.6.
 
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@
 # The encoding of source files.
 # source_encoding = 'utf-8-sig'
 
-# The master toctree document.
-master_doc = "index"
+# The root toctree document.
+root_doc = "index"
 
 # General information about the project.
 project = "google-cloud-bigquery"
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
 #  author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
 latex_documents = [
     (
-        master_doc,
+        root_doc,
         "google-cloud-bigquery.tex",
         "google-cloud-bigquery Documentation",
         author,
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@
 # (source start file, name, description, authors, manual section).
 man_pages = [
     (
-        master_doc,
+        root_doc,
         "google-cloud-bigquery",
         "google-cloud-bigquery Documentation",
         [author],
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
 #  dir menu entry, description, category)
 texinfo_documents = [
     (
-        master_doc,
+        root_doc,
         "google-cloud-bigquery",
         "google-cloud-bigquery Documentation",
         author,
@@ -366,6 +366,8 @@
     "grpc": ("https://grpc.github.io/grpc/python/", None),
     "proto-plus": ("https://proto-plus-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/", None),
     "protobuf": ("https://googleapis.dev/python/protobuf/latest/", None),
+    "pandas": ("http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev", None),
+    "geopandas": ("https://geopandas.org/", None),
 }
 
 
 
@@ -58,6 +58,20 @@ The following data types are used when creating a pandas DataFrame.
      - Int64
      -
 
+Retrieve BigQuery GEOGRAPHY data as a GeoPandas GeoDataFrame
+------------------------------------------------------------
+
+`GeoPandas <https://geopandas.org/>`_ adds geospatial analytics
+capabilities to Pandas.  To retrieve query results containing
+GEOGRAPHY data as a :class:`geopandas.GeoDataFrame`:
+
+.. literalinclude:: ../samples/geography/to_geodataframe.py
+   :language: python
+   :dedent: 4
+   :start-after: [START bigquery_query_results_geodataframe]
+   :end-before: [END bigquery_query_results_geodataframe]
+
+
 Load a Pandas DataFrame to a BigQuery Table
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 
@@ -74,7 +74,31 @@ def is_read_session_optional(self) -> bool:
         return self.installed_version >= _BQ_STORAGE_OPTIONAL_READ_SESSION_VERSION
 
 
+class PyarrowVersions:
+    """Version comparisons for pyarrow package."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._installed_version = None
+
+    @property
+    def installed_version(self) -> packaging.version.Version:
+        """Return the parsed version of pyarrow."""
+        if self._installed_version is None:
+            import pyarrow
+
+            self._installed_version = packaging.version.parse(
+                # Use 0.0.0, since it is earlier than any released version.
+                # Legacy versions also have the same property, but
+                # creating a LegacyVersion has been deprecated.
+                # https://github.com/pypa/packaging/issues/321
+                getattr(pyarrow, "__version__", "0.0.0")
+            )
+
+        return self._installed_version
+
+
 BQ_STORAGE_VERSIONS = BQStorageVersions()
+PYARROW_VERSIONS = PyarrowVersions()
 
 
 def _not_null(value, field):
 
@@ -25,10 +25,40 @@
     import pandas
 except ImportError:  # pragma: NO COVER
     pandas = None
+else:
+    import numpy
 
 import pyarrow
 import pyarrow.parquet
 
+try:
+    # _BaseGeometry is used to detect shapely objevys in `bq_to_arrow_array`
+    from shapely.geometry.base import BaseGeometry as _BaseGeometry
+except ImportError:  # pragma: NO COVER
+    # No shapely, use NoneType for _BaseGeometry as a placeholder.
+    _BaseGeometry = type(None)
+else:
+    if pandas is not None:  # pragma: NO COVER
+
+        def _to_wkb():
+            # Create a closure that:
+            # - Adds a not-null check. This allows the returned function to
+            #   be used directly with apply, unlike `shapely.wkb.dumps`.
+            # - Avoid extra work done by `shapely.wkb.dumps` that we don't need.
+            # - Caches the WKBWriter (and write method lookup :) )
+            # - Avoids adding WKBWriter, lgeos, and notnull to the module namespace.
+            from shapely.geos import WKBWriter, lgeos
+
+            write = WKBWriter(lgeos).write
+            notnull = pandas.notnull
+
+            def _to_wkb(v):
+                return write(v) if notnull(v) else v
+
+            return _to_wkb
+
+        _to_wkb = _to_wkb()
+
 try:
     from google.cloud.bigquery_storage import ArrowSerializationOptions
 except ImportError:
@@ -71,6 +101,7 @@
     "uint8": "INTEGER",
     "uint16": "INTEGER",
     "uint32": "INTEGER",
+    "geometry": "GEOGRAPHY",
 }
 
 
@@ -191,14 +222,16 @@ def bq_to_arrow_data_type(field):
     return data_type_constructor()
 
 
-def bq_to_arrow_field(bq_field):
+def bq_to_arrow_field(bq_field, array_type=None):
     """Return the Arrow field, corresponding to a given BigQuery column.
 
     Returns:
         None: if the Arrow type cannot be determined.
     """
     arrow_type = bq_to_arrow_data_type(bq_field)
-    if arrow_type:
+    if arrow_type is not None:
+        if array_type is not None:
+            arrow_type = array_type  # For GEOGRAPHY, at least initially
         is_nullable = bq_field.mode.upper() == "NULLABLE"
         return pyarrow.field(bq_field.name, arrow_type, nullable=is_nullable)
 
@@ -245,7 +278,24 @@ def bq_schema_to_nullsafe_pandas_dtypes(
 
 
 def bq_to_arrow_array(series, bq_field):
-    arrow_type = bq_to_arrow_data_type(bq_field)
+    if bq_field.field_type.upper() == "GEOGRAPHY":
+        arrow_type = None
+        first = _first_valid(series)
+        if first is not None:
+            if series.dtype.name == "geometry" or isinstance(first, _BaseGeometry):
+                arrow_type = pyarrow.binary()
+                # Convert shapey geometry to WKB binary format:
+                series = series.apply(_to_wkb)
+            elif isinstance(first, bytes):
+                arrow_type = pyarrow.binary()
+        elif series.dtype.name == "geometry":
+            # We have a GeoSeries containing all nulls, convert it to a pandas series
+            series = pandas.Series(numpy.array(series))
+
+        if arrow_type is None:
+            arrow_type = bq_to_arrow_data_type(bq_field)
+    else:
+        arrow_type = bq_to_arrow_data_type(bq_field)
 
     field_type_upper = bq_field.field_type.upper() if bq_field.field_type else ""
 
@@ -299,6 +349,12 @@ def list_columns_and_indexes(dataframe):
     return columns_and_indexes
 
 
+def _first_valid(series):
+    first_valid_index = series.first_valid_index()
+    if first_valid_index is not None:
+        return series.at[first_valid_index]
+
+
 def dataframe_to_bq_schema(dataframe, bq_schema):
     """Convert a pandas DataFrame schema to a BigQuery schema.
 
@@ -339,6 +395,13 @@ def dataframe_to_bq_schema(dataframe, bq_schema):
         # Otherwise, try to automatically determine the type based on the
         # pandas dtype.
         bq_type = _PANDAS_DTYPE_TO_BQ.get(dtype.name)
+        if bq_type is None:
+            sample_data = _first_valid(dataframe[column])
+            if (
+                isinstance(sample_data, _BaseGeometry)
+                and sample_data is not None  # Paranoia
+            ):
+                bq_type = "GEOGRAPHY"
         bq_field = schema.SchemaField(column, bq_type)
         bq_schema_out.append(bq_field)
 
@@ -463,11 +526,11 @@ def dataframe_to_arrow(dataframe, bq_schema):
     arrow_names = []
     arrow_fields = []
     for bq_field in bq_schema:
-        arrow_fields.append(bq_to_arrow_field(bq_field))
         arrow_names.append(bq_field.name)
         arrow_arrays.append(
             bq_to_arrow_array(get_column_or_index(dataframe, bq_field.name), bq_field)
         )
+        arrow_fields.append(bq_to_arrow_field(bq_field, arrow_arrays[-1].type))
 
     if all((field is not None for field in arrow_fields)):
         return pyarrow.Table.from_arrays(
@@ -791,7 +854,13 @@ def dataframe_to_json_generator(dataframe):
         output = {}
         for column, value in zip(dataframe.columns, row):
             # Omit NaN values.
-            if pandas.isna(value):
+            is_nan = pandas.isna(value)
+
+            # isna() can also return an array-like of bools, but the latter's boolean
+            # value is ambiguous, hence an extra check. An array-like value is *not*
+            # considered a NaN, however.
+            if isinstance(is_nan, bool) and is_nan:
                 continue
             output[column] = value
+
         yield output