[flake8-builtins] Ignore variables matching module attribute names (A001) (#16454)

This PR (partially) addresses issue #16373

Author: VascoSch92

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_builtins/A001.py

@@ -28,3 +28,13 @@ class slice:
     pass
 
 [0 for sum in ()]
+
+
+# These should not report violations as discussed in
+# https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/16373
+from importlib.machinery import SourceFileLoader
+__doc__ = "..."
+__name__ = "a001"
+__loader__ = SourceFileLoader(__file__, __name__)
+__package__ = None
+__spec__ = None

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_builtins/rules/builtin_variable_shadowing.rs

@@ -59,6 +59,15 @@ impl Violation for BuiltinVariableShadowing {
 
 /// A001
 pub(crate) fn builtin_variable_shadowing(checker: &Checker, name: &str, range: TextRange) {
+    // These should not report violations as discussed in
+    // https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/16373
+    if matches!(
+        name,
+        "__doc__" | "__name__" | "__loader__" | "__package__" | "__spec__"
+    ) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     if shadows_builtin(
         name,
         checker.source_type,