recovery: rewrite API to not use context objects

apoelstra · apoelstra · commit a66b75a66623 · 2025-06-21T21:55:59.000Z
This API is basically unused except for some niche or legacy
applications, so I feel comfortable breaking it pretty dramatically.

Move all the Secp256k1 functions onto RecoverableSignature and use
self/Self as appropriate.

Leave the stupid ecdsa_recoverable names even though they are even more
redundant, because this module is basically in maintenance mode. We only
do these changes since we'll be forced to once we drop the Secp256k1
object.
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ unexpected_cfgs = { level = "deny", check-cfg = ['cfg(bench)', 'cfg(secp256k1_fu
 
 [[example]]
 name = "sign_verify_recovery"
-required-features = ["recovery", "hashes", "std"]
+required-features = ["recovery", "hashes"]
 
 [[example]]
 name = "sign_verify"
diff --git a/examples/sign_verify_recovery.rs b/examples/sign_verify_recovery.rs
@@ -2,36 +2,25 @@ extern crate hashes;
 extern crate secp256k1;
 
 use hashes::{sha256, Hash};
-use secp256k1::{ecdsa, Error, Message, PublicKey, Secp256k1, SecretKey, Signing, Verification};
-
-fn recover<C: Verification>(
-    secp: &Secp256k1<C>,
-    msg: &[u8],
-    sig: [u8; 64],
-    recovery_id: u8,
-) -> Result<PublicKey, Error> {
+use secp256k1::{ecdsa, Error, Message, PublicKey, SecretKey};
+
+fn recover(msg: &[u8], sig: [u8; 64], recovery_id: u8) -> Result<PublicKey, Error> {
     let msg = sha256::Hash::hash(msg);
     let msg = Message::from_digest_slice(msg.as_ref())?;
     let id = ecdsa::RecoveryId::try_from(i32::from(recovery_id))?;
     let sig = ecdsa::RecoverableSignature::from_compact(&sig, id)?;
 
-    secp.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sig)
+    sig.recover_ecdsa(msg)
 }
 
-fn sign_recovery<C: Signing>(
-    secp: &Secp256k1<C>,
-    msg: &[u8],
-    seckey: [u8; 32],
-) -> Result<ecdsa::RecoverableSignature, Error> {
+fn sign_recovery(msg: &[u8], seckey: [u8; 32]) -> Result<ecdsa::RecoverableSignature, Error> {
     let msg = sha256::Hash::hash(msg);
     let msg = Message::from_digest_slice(msg.as_ref())?;
     let seckey = SecretKey::from_slice(&seckey)?;
-    Ok(secp.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &seckey))
+    Ok(ecdsa::RecoverableSignature::sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &seckey))
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    let secp = Secp256k1::new();
-
     let seckey = [
         59, 148, 11, 85, 134, 130, 61, 253, 2, 174, 59, 70, 27, 180, 51, 107, 94, 203, 174, 253,
         102, 39, 170, 146, 46, 252, 4, 143, 236, 12, 136, 28,
@@ -43,9 +32,9 @@ fn main() {
     .unwrap();
     let msg = b"This is some message";
 
-    let signature = sign_recovery(&secp, msg, seckey).unwrap();
+    let signature = sign_recovery(msg, seckey).unwrap();
 
     let (recovery_id, serialize_sig) = signature.serialize_compact();
 
-    assert_eq!(recover(&secp, msg, serialize_sig, recovery_id.to_u8()), Ok(pubkey));
+    assert_eq!(recover(msg, serialize_sig, recovery_id.to_u8()), Ok(pubkey));
 }
diff --git a/no_std_test/src/main.rs b/no_std_test/src/main.rs
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 
 use secp256k1::ecdh::{self, SharedSecret};
 use secp256k1::ffi::types::AlignedType;
-use secp256k1::rand::{self, RngCore};
+use secp256k1::rand::RngCore;
 use secp256k1::serde::Serialize;
 use secp256k1::*;
 
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ fn start(_argc: isize, _argv: *const *const u8) -> isize {
     let sig = secp.sign_ecdsa(message, &secret_key);
     assert!(secp.verify_ecdsa(&sig, message, &public_key).is_ok());
 
-    let rec_sig = secp.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(message, &secret_key);
+    let rec_sig = ecdso::RecoverableSignature::sign_ecdsa_recoverable(message, &secret_key);
     assert!(secp.verify_ecdsa(&rec_sig.to_standard(), message, &public_key).is_ok());
-    assert_eq!(public_key, secp.recover_ecdsa(message, &rec_sig).unwrap());
+    assert_eq!(public_key, rec_sig.recover_ecdsa(message).unwrap());
     let (rec_id, data) = rec_sig.serialize_compact();
     let new_rec_sig = ecdsa::RecoverableSignature::from_compact(&data, rec_id).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(rec_sig, new_rec_sig);
diff --git a/src/ecdsa/recovery.rs b/src/ecdsa/recovery.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use self::super_ffi::CPtr;
 use super::ffi as super_ffi;
 use crate::ecdsa::Signature;
 use crate::ffi::recovery as ffi;
-use crate::{key, Error, Message, Secp256k1, Signing, Verification};
+use crate::{key, Error, Message};
 
 /// A tag used for recovering the public key from a compact signature.
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ impl RecoverableSignature {
     #[inline]
     #[cfg(feature = "global-context")]
     pub fn recover(&self, msg: impl Into<Message>) -> Result<key::PublicKey, Error> {
-        crate::SECP256K1.recover_ecdsa(msg, self)
+        self.recover_ecdsa(msg)
     }
 }
 
@@ -174,42 +174,49 @@ impl From<ffi::RecoverableSignature> for RecoverableSignature {
     fn from(sig: ffi::RecoverableSignature) -> RecoverableSignature { RecoverableSignature(sig) }
 }
 
-impl<C: Signing> Secp256k1<C> {
+impl RecoverableSignature {
     fn sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata_pointer(
-        &self,
         msg: impl Into<Message>,
         sk: &key::SecretKey,
         noncedata_ptr: *const super_ffi::types::c_void,
-    ) -> RecoverableSignature {
+    ) -> Self {
         let msg = msg.into();
         let mut ret = ffi::RecoverableSignature::new();
-        unsafe {
-            // We can assume the return value because it's not possible to construct
-            // an invalid signature from a valid `Message` and `SecretKey`
-            assert_eq!(
-                ffi::secp256k1_ecdsa_sign_recoverable(
-                    self.ctx.as_ptr(),
-                    &mut ret,
-                    msg.as_c_ptr(),
-                    sk.as_c_ptr(),
-                    super_ffi::secp256k1_nonce_function_rfc6979,
-                    noncedata_ptr
-                ),
-                1
-            );
+        // xor the secret key and message together to get a rerandomization seed
+        // for timing analysis defense-in-depth
+        let mut rerandomize = sk.secret_bytes();
+        for (rera, byte) in rerandomize.iter_mut().zip(msg[..].iter()) {
+            *rera ^= *byte;
         }
+        crate::with_raw_global_context(
+            |ctx| unsafe {
+                // We can assume the return value because it's not possible to construct
+                // an invalid signature from a valid `Message` and `SecretKey`
+                assert_eq!(
+                    ffi::secp256k1_ecdsa_sign_recoverable(
+                        ctx.as_ptr(),
+                        &mut ret,
+                        msg.as_c_ptr(),
+                        sk.as_c_ptr(),
+                        super_ffi::secp256k1_nonce_function_rfc6979,
+                        noncedata_ptr
+                    ),
+                    1
+                );
+            },
+            Some(&rerandomize),
+        );
 
         RecoverableSignature::from(ret)
     }
 
     /// Constructs a signature for `msg` using the secret key `sk` and RFC6979 nonce
     /// Requires a signing-capable context.
     pub fn sign_ecdsa_recoverable(
-        &self,
         msg: impl Into<Message>,
         sk: &key::SecretKey,
     ) -> RecoverableSignature {
-        self.sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata_pointer(msg, sk, ptr::null())
+        Self::sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata_pointer(msg, sk, ptr::null())
     }
 
     /// Constructs a signature for `msg` using the secret key `sk` and RFC6979 nonce
@@ -218,38 +225,34 @@ impl<C: Signing> Secp256k1<C> {
     /// signatures are needed for the same Message and SecretKey while still using RFC6979.
     /// Requires a signing-capable context.
     pub fn sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata(
-        &self,
         msg: impl Into<Message>,
         sk: &key::SecretKey,
         noncedata: &[u8; 32],
     ) -> RecoverableSignature {
         let noncedata_ptr = noncedata.as_ptr() as *const super_ffi::types::c_void;
-        self.sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata_pointer(msg, sk, noncedata_ptr)
+        Self::sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata_pointer(msg, sk, noncedata_ptr)
     }
-}
 
-impl<C: Verification> Secp256k1<C> {
     /// Determines the public key for which `sig` is a valid signature for
     /// `msg`. Requires a verify-capable context.
-    pub fn recover_ecdsa(
-        &self,
-        msg: impl Into<Message>,
-        sig: &RecoverableSignature,
-    ) -> Result<key::PublicKey, Error> {
+    pub fn recover_ecdsa(&self, msg: impl Into<Message>) -> Result<key::PublicKey, Error> {
         let msg = msg.into();
-        unsafe {
-            let mut pk = super_ffi::PublicKey::new();
-            if ffi::secp256k1_ecdsa_recover(
-                self.ctx.as_ptr(),
-                &mut pk,
-                sig.as_c_ptr(),
-                msg.as_c_ptr(),
-            ) != 1
-            {
-                return Err(Error::InvalidSignature);
-            }
-            Ok(key::PublicKey::from(pk))
-        }
+        crate::with_raw_global_context(
+            |ctx| unsafe {
+                let mut pk = super_ffi::PublicKey::new();
+                if ffi::secp256k1_ecdsa_recover(
+                    ctx.as_ptr(),
+                    &mut pk,
+                    self.as_c_ptr(),
+                    msg.as_c_ptr(),
+                ) != 1
+                {
+                    return Err(Error::InvalidSignature);
+                }
+                Ok(key::PublicKey::from(pk))
+            },
+            None,
+        )
     }
 }
 
@@ -264,28 +267,13 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::{Error, Message, Secp256k1, SecretKey};
 
     #[test]
-    #[cfg(feature = "std")]
     fn capabilities() {
-        let sign = Secp256k1::signing_only();
-        let vrfy = Secp256k1::verification_only();
-        let full = Secp256k1::new();
-
         let msg = crate::test_random_32_bytes();
         let msg = Message::from_digest_slice(&msg).unwrap();
 
-        // Try key generation
         let (sk, pk) = crate::test_random_keypair();
-
-        // Try signing
-        assert_eq!(sign.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk), full.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk));
-        let sigr = full.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
-
-        // Try pk recovery
-        assert!(vrfy.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sigr).is_ok());
-        assert!(full.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sigr).is_ok());
-
-        assert_eq!(vrfy.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sigr), full.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sigr));
-        assert_eq!(full.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sigr), Ok(pk));
+        let sigr = RecoverableSignature::sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
+        assert_eq!(sigr.recover_ecdsa(msg), Ok(pk));
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -296,15 +284,12 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     #[cfg(not(secp256k1_fuzz))]  // fixed sig vectors can't work with fuzz-sigs
-    #[cfg(feature = "std")]
     #[rustfmt::skip]
     fn sign() {
-        let s = Secp256k1::new();
-
         let sk = SecretKey::from_slice(&ONE).unwrap();
         let msg = Message::from_digest_slice(&ONE).unwrap();
 
-        let sig = s.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
+        let sig = RecoverableSignature::sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
 
         assert_eq!(Ok(sig), RecoverableSignature::from_compact(&[
             0x66, 0x73, 0xff, 0xad, 0x21, 0x47, 0x74, 0x1f,
@@ -320,16 +305,13 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     #[cfg(not(secp256k1_fuzz))]  // fixed sig vectors can't work with fuzz-sigs
-    #[cfg(feature = "std")]
     #[rustfmt::skip]
     fn sign_with_noncedata() {
-        let s = Secp256k1::new();
-
         let sk = SecretKey::from_slice(&ONE).unwrap();
         let msg = Message::from_digest_slice(&ONE).unwrap();
         let noncedata = [42u8; 32];
 
-        let sig = s.sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata(msg, &sk, &noncedata);
+        let sig = RecoverableSignature::sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata(msg, &sk, &noncedata);
 
         assert_eq!(Ok(sig), RecoverableSignature::from_compact(&[
             0xb5, 0x0b, 0xb6, 0x79, 0x5f, 0x31, 0x74, 0x8a,
@@ -351,57 +333,48 @@ mod tests {
         let msg = Message::from_digest(crate::test_random_32_bytes());
         let (sk, pk) = crate::test_random_keypair();
 
-        let sigr = s.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
+        let sigr = RecoverableSignature::sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
         let sig = sigr.to_standard();
 
         let msg = Message::from_digest(crate::test_random_32_bytes());
         assert_eq!(s.verify_ecdsa(&sig, msg, &pk), Err(Error::IncorrectSignature));
 
-        let recovered_key = s.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sigr).unwrap();
+        let recovered_key = sigr.recover_ecdsa(msg).unwrap();
         assert!(recovered_key != pk);
     }
 
     #[test]
-    #[cfg(feature = "std")]
     fn sign_with_recovery() {
-        let s = Secp256k1::new();
-
         let msg = Message::from_digest(crate::test_random_32_bytes());
         let (sk, pk) = crate::test_random_keypair();
 
-        let sig = s.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
+        let sig = RecoverableSignature::sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
 
-        assert_eq!(s.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sig), Ok(pk));
+        assert_eq!(sig.recover_ecdsa(msg), Ok(pk));
     }
 
     #[test]
-    #[cfg(feature = "std")]
     fn sign_with_recovery_and_noncedata() {
-        let s = Secp256k1::new();
-
         let msg = Message::from_digest(crate::test_random_32_bytes());
         let noncedata = crate::test_random_32_bytes();
 
         let (sk, pk) = crate::test_random_keypair();
 
-        let sig = s.sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata(msg, &sk, &noncedata);
+        let sig = RecoverableSignature::sign_ecdsa_recoverable_with_noncedata(msg, &sk, &noncedata);
 
-        assert_eq!(s.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sig), Ok(pk));
+        assert_eq!(sig.recover_ecdsa(msg), Ok(pk));
     }
 
     #[test]
-    #[cfg(feature = "std")]
     fn bad_recovery() {
-        let s = Secp256k1::new();
-
         let msg = Message::from_digest(crate::test_random_32_bytes());
 
         // Zero is not a valid sig
         let sig = RecoverableSignature::from_compact(&[0; 64], RecoveryId::Zero).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(s.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sig), Err(Error::InvalidSignature));
+        assert_eq!(sig.recover_ecdsa(msg), Err(Error::InvalidSignature));
         // ...but 111..111 is
         let sig = RecoverableSignature::from_compact(&[1; 64], RecoveryId::Zero).unwrap();
-        assert!(s.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sig).is_ok());
+        assert!(sig.recover_ecdsa(msg).is_ok());
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -455,21 +428,20 @@ mod tests {
 }
 
 #[cfg(bench)]
-#[cfg(feature = "std")] // Currently only a single bench that requires "rand" + "std".
 mod benches {
     use test::{black_box, Bencher};
 
-    use crate::{Message, Secp256k1, SecretKey};
+    use super::RecoverableSignature;
+    use crate::{Message, SecretKey};
 
     #[bench]
     pub fn bench_recover(bh: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = Secp256k1::new();
         let msg = Message::from_digest(crate::test_random_32_bytes());
         let sk = SecretKey::test_random();
-        let sig = s.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
+        let sig = RecoverableSignature::sign_ecdsa_recoverable(msg, &sk);
 
         bh.iter(|| {
-            let res = s.recover_ecdsa(msg, &sig).unwrap();
+            let res = sig.recover_ecdsa(msg).unwrap();
             black_box(res);
         });
     }
