feat(c): Declare dependencies for drivers in Meson configuration (#2746)

These don't impact arrow-adbc directly, but are theoretically helpful
for downstream projects that might want to use ADBC dependencies from
source.

With this, on the next release I think we could add arrow-adbc to
Meson's wrap database, and give users the option of something as simple
as running:

```bash
meson wrap install adbc
```

To fetch adbc as a subproject. With that, users could then do:

```python
adbc_bigquery_driver_dep = dependency('adbc_bigquery_driver')
myexc = executable(
    'some-executable',
    sources: [...],
    dependencies: [adbc_bigquery_driver_dep],
)
```

To have Meson automatically compile and link the executable to the
appropriate driver

Author: WillAyd

c/driver/bigquery/meson.build

@@ -55,6 +55,11 @@ pkg.generate(
     filebase: 'adbc-driver-bigquery',
 )
 
+adbc_driver_bigquery_dep = declare_dependency(
+    include_directories: include_dir,
+    link_with: adbc_driver_bigquery_lib,
+)
+
 exc = executable(
     'adbc-driver-bigquery-test',
     'bigquery_test.cc',

c/driver/flightsql/meson.build

@@ -55,6 +55,11 @@ pkg.generate(
     filebase: 'adbc-driver-flightsql',
 )
 
+adbc_driver_flightsql_dep = declare_dependency(
+    include_directories: include_dir,
+    link_with: adbc_driver_flightsql_lib,
+)
+
 exc = executable(
     'adbc-driver-flightsql-test',
     'dremio_flightsql_test.cc',

c/driver/postgresql/meson.build

@@ -41,6 +41,11 @@ pkg.generate(
     filebase: 'adbc-driver-postgresql',
 )
 
+adbc_driver_postgresql_dep = declare_dependency(
+    include_directories: include_dir,
+    link_with: adbc_postgres_driver_lib,
+)
+
 postgres_tests = {
     'driver-postgresql': {
         'src_name': 'driver_postgresql',

c/driver/snowflake/meson.build

@@ -55,6 +55,11 @@ pkg.generate(
     filebase: 'adbc-driver-snowflake',
 )
 
+adbc_driver_snowflake_dep = declare_dependency(
+    include_directories: include_dir,
+    link_with: adbc_driver_snowflake_lib,
+)
+
 exc = executable(
     'adbc-driver-snowflake-test',
     'snowflake_test.cc',

c/driver/sqlite/meson.build

@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ pkg.generate(
     filebase: 'adbc-driver-sqlite',
 )
 
+adbc_driver_sqlite_dep = declare_dependency(
+    include_directories: include_dir,
+    link_with: adbc_sqlite3_driver_lib,
+)
+
 exc = executable(
     'adbc-driver-sqlite-test',
     sources: ['sqlite_test.cc'],

c/driver_manager/meson.build

@@ -32,3 +32,8 @@ pkg.generate(
     libraries: [adbc_driver_manager_lib],
     filebase: 'adbc-driver-manager',
 )
+
+adbc_driver_manager_dep = declare_dependency(
+    include_directories: include_dir,
+    link_with: adbc_driver_manager_lib,
+)