Rollup merge of rust-lang#139780 - ongardie:iterator-take-by_ref-example, r=workingjubilee

docs: Add example to `Iterator::take` with `by_ref`

If you want to logically split an iterator after `n` items, you might first discover `take`. Before this change, you'd find that `take` consumes the iterator, and you'd probably be stuck. The answer involves `by_ref`, but that's hard to discover, especially since `by_ref` is a bit abstract and `Iterator` has many methods.

After this change, you'd see the example showing `take` along with `by_ref`, which allows you to continue using the rest of the iterator. `by_ref` had a good example involving `take` already, so this change just duplicates that existing example under `take`.

Author: Zalathar

library/core/src/iter/traits/iterator.rs

@@ -1340,6 +1340,24 @@ pub trait Iterator {
     /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(2));
     /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);
     /// ```
+    ///
+    /// Use [`by_ref`] to take from the iterator without consuming it, and then
+    /// continue using the original iterator:
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// let mut words = ["hello", "world", "of", "Rust"].into_iter();
+    ///
+    /// // Take the first two words.
+    /// let hello_world: Vec<_> = words.by_ref().take(2).collect();
+    /// assert_eq!(hello_world, vec!["hello", "world"]);
+    ///
+    /// // Collect the rest of the words.
+    /// // We can only do this because we used `by_ref` earlier.
+    /// let of_rust: Vec<_> = words.collect();
+    /// assert_eq!(of_rust, vec!["of", "Rust"]);
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// [`by_ref`]: Iterator::by_ref
     #[inline]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     fn take(self, n: usize) -> Take<Self>