Birth Metrics.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import duckdb\n",
    "\n",
    "# File paths \n",
    "csv_file_path = 'dataset/natality2022us.csv'\n",
    "db_file_path = 'database/natality2022us.db'\n",
    "\n",
    "# Establish connection to DuckDB (creates it if it doesn't exist)\n",
    "con = duckdb.connect(database=db_file_path, read_only=False)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Directly create a table and import CSV data\n",
    "con.execute(f\"\"\"\n",
    "    CREATE TABLE natality2022us AS \n",
    "    SELECT * FROM read_csv_auto('{csv_file_path}')\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "\n",
    "# Verify the number of rows (the number don't include the header) \n",
    "row_count = con.execute(\"SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us\").fetchone()[0]\n",
    "print(f\"Total rows imported: {row_count}\")\n",
    "\n",
    "## the number of rows in the CSV file is 3453133\n",
    "## using `wc -l dataset/natality2022us.csv` in bash \n",
    "\n",
    "# Close the connection\n",
    "con.close()\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- the dataset source: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data_access/vitalstatsonline.htm (2022)\n",
    "- the Guide for the dataset : https://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/Health_Statistics/NCHS/Dataset_Documentation/DVS/natality/UserGuide2022.pdf\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "RuntimeError: If using snippets, you may pass the --with argument explicitly.\n",
      "For more details please refer: https://jupysql.ploomber.io/en/latest/compose.html#with-argument\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "Original error message from DB driver:\n",
      "Parser Error: syntax error at or near \"duckdb\"\n",
      "\n",
      "If you need help solving this issue, send us a message: https://ploomber.io/community\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import duckdb\n",
    "\n",
    "%load_ext sql\n",
    "conn = duckdb.connect(database='database/natality2022us.db')\n",
    "%config SqlMagic.displaylimit = 100\n",
    "%sql conn --alias duckdb\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "# to remove any litit \n",
    "%sql duckdb SET display_limit=-1;"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>dob_yy</th>\n",
       "            <th>dob_mm</th>\n",
       "            <th>dob_tt</th>\n",
       "            <th>dob_wk</th>\n",
       "            <th>bfacil</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_bfacil</th>\n",
       "            <th>bfacil3</th>\n",
       "            <th>mage_impflg</th>\n",
       "            <th>mage_repflg</th>\n",
       "            <th>mager</th>\n",
       "            <th>mager14</th>\n",
       "            <th>mager9</th>\n",
       "            <th>mbstate_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>restatus</th>\n",
       "            <th>mrace31</th>\n",
       "            <th>mrace6</th>\n",
       "            <th>mrace15</th>\n",
       "            <th>mraceimp</th>\n",
       "            <th>mhispx</th>\n",
       "            <th>mhisp_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_mhisp</th>\n",
       "            <th>mracehisp</th>\n",
       "            <th>mar_p</th>\n",
       "            <th>dmar</th>\n",
       "            <th>mar_imp</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_mar_p</th>\n",
       "            <th>meduc</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_meduc</th>\n",
       "            <th>fagerpt_flg</th>\n",
       "            <th>fagecomb</th>\n",
       "            <th>fagerec11</th>\n",
       "            <th>frace31</th>\n",
       "            <th>frace6</th>\n",
       "            <th>frace15</th>\n",
       "            <th>fhispx</th>\n",
       "            <th>fhisp_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_fhisp</th>\n",
       "            <th>fracehisp</th>\n",
       "            <th>feduc</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_feduc</th>\n",
       "            <th>priorlive</th>\n",
       "            <th>priordead</th>\n",
       "            <th>priorterm</th>\n",
       "            <th>lbo_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>tbo_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>illb_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>illb_r11</th>\n",
       "            <th>ilop_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>ilop_r11</th>\n",
       "            <th>ilp_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>ilp_r11</th>\n",
       "            <th>precare</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_mpcb</th>\n",
       "            <th>precare5</th>\n",
       "            <th>previs</th>\n",
       "            <th>previs_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_tpcv</th>\n",
       "            <th>wic</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_wic</th>\n",
       "            <th>cig_0</th>\n",
       "            <th>cig_1</th>\n",
       "            <th>cig_2</th>\n",
       "            <th>cig_3</th>\n",
       "            <th>cig0_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>cig1_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>cig2_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>cig3_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_cigs_0</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_cigs_1</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_cigs_2</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_cigs_3</th>\n",
       "            <th>cig_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_tobaco</th>\n",
       "            <th>m_ht_in</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_m_ht</th>\n",
       "            <th>bmi</th>\n",
       "            <th>bmi_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>pwgt_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_pwgt</th>\n",
       "            <th>dwgt_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_dwgt</th>\n",
       "            <th>wtgain</th>\n",
       "            <th>wtgain_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_wtgain</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_pdiab</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_gdiab</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_phype</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_ghype</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_ehype</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_ppterm</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_pdiab</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_gdiab</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_phyper</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_ghyper</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_eclamp</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_ppb</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_inftr</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_fedrg</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_artec</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_inft</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_inf_drg</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_inf_art</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_cesar</th>\n",
       "            <th>rf_cesarn</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_cesar</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_rf_ncesar</th>\n",
       "            <th>no_risks</th>\n",
       "            <th>ip_gon</th>\n",
       "            <th>ip_syph</th>\n",
       "            <th>ip_chlam</th>\n",
       "            <th>ip_hepb</th>\n",
       "            <th>ip_hepc</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ip_gonor</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ip_syph</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ip_chlam</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ip_hepatb</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ip_hepatc</th>\n",
       "            <th>no_infec</th>\n",
       "            <th>ob_ecvs</th>\n",
       "            <th>ob_ecvf</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ob_succ</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ob_fail</th>\n",
       "            <th>ld_indl</th>\n",
       "            <th>ld_augm</th>\n",
       "            <th>ld_ster</th>\n",
       "            <th>ld_antb</th>\n",
       "            <th>ld_chor</th>\n",
       "            <th>ld_anes</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ld_indl</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ld_augm</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ld_ster</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ld_antb</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ld_chor</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ld_anes</th>\n",
       "            <th>no_lbrdlv</th>\n",
       "            <th>me_pres</th>\n",
       "            <th>me_rout</th>\n",
       "            <th>me_trial</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_me_pres</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_me_rout</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_me_trial</th>\n",
       "            <th>rdmeth_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>dmeth_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_dmeth_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>mm_mtr</th>\n",
       "            <th>mm_plac</th>\n",
       "            <th>mm_rupt</th>\n",
       "            <th>mm_uhyst</th>\n",
       "            <th>mm_aicu</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_mm_mtr</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_mm_</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_mm_rupt</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_mm_uhyst</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_mm_aicu</th>\n",
       "            <th>no_mmorb</th>\n",
       "            <th>attend</th>\n",
       "            <th>mtran</th>\n",
       "            <th>pay</th>\n",
       "            <th>pay_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_pay</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_pay_rec</th>\n",
       "            <th>apgar5</th>\n",
       "            <th>apgar5r</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_apgar5</th>\n",
       "            <th>apgar10</th>\n",
       "            <th>apgar10r</th>\n",
       "            <th>dplural</th>\n",
       "            <th>imp_plur</th>\n",
       "            <th>setorder_r</th>\n",
       "            <th>sex</th>\n",
       "            <th>imp_sex</th>\n",
       "            <th>dlmp_mm</th>\n",
       "            <th>dlmp_yy</th>\n",
       "            <th>compgst_imp</th>\n",
       "            <th>obgest_flg</th>\n",
       "            <th>combgest</th>\n",
       "            <th>gestrec10</th>\n",
       "            <th>gestrec3</th>\n",
       "            <th>lmpused</th>\n",
       "            <th>oegest_comb</th>\n",
       "            <th>oegest_r10</th>\n",
       "            <th>oegest_r3</th>\n",
       "            <th>dbwt</th>\n",
       "            <th>bwtr12</th>\n",
       "            <th>bwtr4</th>\n",
       "            <th>ab_aven1</th>\n",
       "            <th>ab_aven6</th>\n",
       "            <th>ab_nicu</th>\n",
       "            <th>ab_surf</th>\n",
       "            <th>ab_anti</th>\n",
       "            <th>ab_seiz</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ab_vent</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ab_vent6</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ab_niuc</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ab_surfac</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ab_antibio</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ab_seiz</th>\n",
       "            <th>no_abnorm</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_anen</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_mnsb</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_cchd</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_cdh</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_omph</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_gast</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_anen</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_menin</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_heart</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_hernia</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_ompha</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_gastro</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_limb</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_cleft</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_clpal</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_down</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_disor</th>\n",
       "            <th>ca_hypo</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_limb</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_cleftlp</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_cleft</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_downs</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_chrom</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_ca_hypos</th>\n",
       "            <th>no_congen</th>\n",
       "            <th>itran</th>\n",
       "            <th>ilive</th>\n",
       "            <th>bfed</th>\n",
       "            <th>f_bfed</th>\n",
       "            <th>octerr</th>\n",
       "            <th>ocntyfips</th>\n",
       "            <th>ocntypop</th>\n",
       "            <th>mbcntry</th>\n",
       "            <th>mrcntry</th>\n",
       "            <th>mrterr</th>\n",
       "            <th>rcnty</th>\n",
       "            <th>rcnty_pop</th>\n",
       "            <th>rcity_pop</th>\n",
       "            <th>rectype</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>2022</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1218</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>37</td>\n",
       "            <td>11</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>40</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>888</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>888</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>888</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>10</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>67</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>25.799999</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>165</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>999</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>99</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>10</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>F</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>2021</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>42</td>\n",
       "            <td>10</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>41</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>3203</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>2022</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1525</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>27</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>33</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>26</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>888</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>26</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>61</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>20.4</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>108</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>141</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>33</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>M</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>2021</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>38</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>38</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>3090</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>2022</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>539</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>25</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>27</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>19</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>50</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>19</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>U</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>68</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>19.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>125</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>156</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>31</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>F</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>2021</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>37</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>37</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>2523</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>2022</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>122</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>42</td>\n",
       "            <td>12</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>55</td>\n",
       "            <td>10</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>21</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>888</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>21</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>10</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>67</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>22.1</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>141</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>171</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>30</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>10</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>F</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>2021</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>38</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>39</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>4139</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>2022</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1801</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>27</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>27</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>888</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>888</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>888</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>17</td>\n",
       "            <td>10</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>65</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>26.6</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>160</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>179</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>19</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>X</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>88</td>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>M</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>2021</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>37</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>37</td>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>3000</td>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "            <td>None</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+----------+---------+-------------+-------------+-------+---------+--------+-------------+----------+---------+--------+---------+----------+--------+---------+---------+-----------+-------+------+---------+---------+-------+---------+-------------+----------+-----------+---------+--------+---------+--------+---------+---------+-----------+-------+---------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+-------+---------+---------+--------+----------+--------+------------+--------+-----+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--------+--------+--------+--------+----------+----------+----------+----------+---------+----------+---------+--------+-----------+-------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+----------+-----------+------------+-------------+----------+--------+---------+----------+---------+---------+------------+-----------+------------+-------------+-------------+----------+---------+---------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+------------+-----------+-------------+--------+---------+---------+----------+---------+----------+-------+-----------+------------+-----------+----------+--------+-------+-----+---------+-------+-----------+--------+---------+----------+---------+----------+---------+----------+------------+-----+---------+---------+---------+-------------+------------+----------+-----------+----------+---------+-------------+------------+-----------+------+--------+-------+----------+----------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+---------+----------+----------+---------+----------+---------+-----------+--------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+-----------+-------+-------+------+--------+--------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+--------+-------+-----------+-----------+---------+\n",
       "| dob_yy | dob_mm | dob_tt | dob_wk | bfacil | f_bfacil | bfacil3 | mage_impflg | mage_repflg | mager | mager14 | mager9 | mbstate_rec | restatus | mrace31 | mrace6 | mrace15 | mraceimp | mhispx | mhisp_r | f_mhisp | mracehisp | mar_p | dmar | mar_imp | f_mar_p | meduc | f_meduc | fagerpt_flg | fagecomb | fagerec11 | frace31 | frace6 | frace15 | fhispx | fhisp_r | f_fhisp | fracehisp | feduc | f_feduc | priorlive | priordead | priorterm | lbo_rec | tbo_rec | illb_r | illb_r11 | ilop_r | ilop_r11 | ilp_r | ilp_r11 | precare | f_mpcb | precare5 | previs | previs_rec | f_tpcv | wic | f_wic | cig_0 | cig_1 | cig_2 | cig_3 | cig0_r | cig1_r | cig2_r | cig3_r | f_cigs_0 | f_cigs_1 | f_cigs_2 | f_cigs_3 | cig_rec | f_tobaco | m_ht_in | f_m_ht |    bmi    | bmi_r | pwgt_r | f_pwgt | dwgt_r | f_dwgt | wtgain | wtgain_rec | f_wtgain | rf_pdiab | rf_gdiab | rf_phype | rf_ghype | rf_ehype | rf_ppterm | f_rf_pdiab | f_rf_gdiab | f_rf_phyper | f_rf_ghyper | f_rf_eclamp | f_rf_ppb | rf_inftr | rf_fedrg | rf_artec | f_rf_inft | f_rf_inf_drg | f_rf_inf_art | rf_cesar | rf_cesarn | f_rf_cesar | f_rf_ncesar | no_risks | ip_gon | ip_syph | ip_chlam | ip_hepb | ip_hepc | f_ip_gonor | f_ip_syph | f_ip_chlam | f_ip_hepatb | f_ip_hepatc | no_infec | ob_ecvs | ob_ecvf | f_ob_succ | f_ob_fail | ld_indl | ld_augm | ld_ster | ld_antb | ld_chor | ld_anes | f_ld_indl | f_ld_augm | f_ld_ster | f_ld_antb | f_ld_chor | f_ld_anes | no_lbrdlv | me_pres | me_rout | me_trial | f_me_pres | f_me_rout | f_me_trial | rdmeth_rec | dmeth_rec | f_dmeth_rec | mm_mtr | mm_plac | mm_rupt | mm_uhyst | mm_aicu | f_mm_mtr | f_mm_ | f_mm_rupt | f_mm_uhyst | f_mm_aicu | no_mmorb | attend | mtran | pay | pay_rec | f_pay | f_pay_rec | apgar5 | apgar5r | f_apgar5 | apgar10 | apgar10r | dplural | imp_plur | setorder_r | sex | imp_sex | dlmp_mm | dlmp_yy | compgst_imp | obgest_flg | combgest | gestrec10 | gestrec3 | lmpused | oegest_comb | oegest_r10 | oegest_r3 | dbwt | bwtr12 | bwtr4 | ab_aven1 | ab_aven6 | ab_nicu | ab_surf | ab_anti | ab_seiz | f_ab_vent | f_ab_vent6 | f_ab_niuc | f_ab_surfac | f_ab_antibio | f_ab_seiz | no_abnorm | ca_anen | ca_mnsb | ca_cchd | ca_cdh | ca_omph | ca_gast | f_ca_anen | f_ca_menin | f_ca_heart | f_ca_hernia | f_ca_ompha | f_ca_gastro | ca_limb | ca_cleft | ca_clpal | ca_down | ca_disor | ca_hypo | f_ca_limb | f_ca_cleftlp | f_ca_cleft | f_ca_downs | f_ca_chrom | f_ca_hypos | no_congen | itran | ilive | bfed | f_bfed | octerr | ocntyfips | ocntypop | mbcntry | mrcntry | mrterr | rcnty | rcnty_pop | rcity_pop | rectype |\n",
       "+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+----------+---------+-------------+-------------+-------+---------+--------+-------------+----------+---------+--------+---------+----------+--------+---------+---------+-----------+-------+------+---------+---------+-------+---------+-------------+----------+-----------+---------+--------+---------+--------+---------+---------+-----------+-------+---------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+-------+---------+---------+--------+----------+--------+------------+--------+-----+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--------+--------+--------+--------+----------+----------+----------+----------+---------+----------+---------+--------+-----------+-------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+----------+-----------+------------+-------------+----------+--------+---------+----------+---------+---------+------------+-----------+------------+-------------+-------------+----------+---------+---------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+------------+-----------+-------------+--------+---------+---------+----------+---------+----------+-------+-----------+------------+-----------+----------+--------+-------+-----+---------+-------+-----------+--------+---------+----------+---------+----------+---------+----------+------------+-----+---------+---------+---------+-------------+------------+----------+-----------+----------+---------+-------------+------------+-----------+------+--------+-------+----------+----------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+---------+----------+----------+---------+----------+---------+-----------+--------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+-----------+-------+-------+------+--------+--------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+--------+-------+-----------+-----------+---------+\n",
       "|  2022  |   1    |  1218  |   7    |   2    |    1     |    2    |     None    |     None    |   37  |    11   |   6    |      1      |    1     |    1    |   1    |    1    |   None   |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   X   | 1.0  |   None  |    1    |   6   |    1    |     None    |    40    |     7     |    1    |   1    |    1    |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   5   |    1    |     0     |     0     |     0     |    1    |    1    |  888   |    88    |  888   |    88    |  888  |    88   |    7    |   1    |    3     |   10   |     6      |   1    |  N  |   1   |   0   |   0   |   0   |   0   |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |    1     |    1     |    1     |    1     |    N    |    1     |    67   |   1    | 25.799999 |   3   |  165   |   1    |  999   |   1    |   99   |     9      |    1     |    N     |    N     |    N     |    N     |    N     |     N     |     1      |     1      |      1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N     |    X     |    X     |     1     |      1       |      1       |    N     |     0     |     1      |      1      |    1     |   N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    N    |     1      |     1     |     1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1     |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |    1    |    1    |    X     |     1     |     1     |     1      |     1      |     1     |      1      |   N    |    N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    1     |   1   |     1     |     1      |     1     |    1     |   4    |   N   |  2  |    2    |   1   |     1     |   10   |    4    |    1     |    88   |    5     |    1    |   None   |     9      |  F  |   None  |    3    |   2021  |     None    |    None    |    42    |     10    |    2     |   None  |      41     |     9      |     2     | 3203 |   7    |   3   |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1     |      1      |      1       |     1     |     1     |    N    |    N    |    N    |   N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1      |      1      |     1      |      1      |    N    |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N     |    N    |     1     |      1       |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1     |   N   |   Y   |  Y   |   1    |  None  |    None   |   None   |   None  |   None  |  None  |  None |    None   |    None   |   None  |\n",
       "|  2022  |   1    |  1525  |   7    |   3    |    1     |    2    |     None    |     None    |   27  |    9    |   4    |      1      |    1     |    1    |   1    |    1    |   None   |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   X   | 1.0  |   None  |    1    |   3   |    1    |     None    |    33    |     5     |    1    |   1    |    1    |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   3   |    1    |     4     |     0     |     0     |    5    |    5    |   26   |    4     |  888   |    88    |   26  |    4    |    3    |   1    |    1     |   3    |     3      |   1    |  N  |   1   |   0   |   0   |   0   |   0   |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |    1     |    1     |    1     |    1     |    N    |    1     |    61   |   1    |    20.4   |   2   |  108   |   1    |  141   |   1    |   33   |     4      |    1     |    N     |    N     |    N     |    N     |    N     |     N     |     1      |     1      |      1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N     |    X     |    X     |     1     |      1       |      1       |    N     |     0     |     1      |      1      |    1     |   N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    N    |     1      |     1     |     1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1     |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |    1    |    1    |    X     |     1     |     1     |     1      |     1      |     1     |      1      |   N    |    N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    1     |   1   |     1     |     1      |     1     |    1     |   4    |   N   |  3  |    3    |   1   |     1     |   9    |    4    |    1     |    88   |    5     |    1    |   None   |     9      |  M  |   None  |    4    |   2021  |     None    |    None    |    38    |     6     |    2     |   None  |      38     |     6      |     2     | 3090 |   7    |   3   |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1     |      1      |      1       |     1     |     1     |    N    |    N    |    N    |   N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1      |      1      |     1      |      1      |    N    |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N     |    N    |     1     |      1       |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1     |   N   |   Y   |  Y   |   1    |  None  |    None   |   None   |   None  |   None  |  None  |  None |    None   |    None   |   None  |\n",
       "|  2022  |   1    |  539   |   2    |   3    |    1     |    2    |     None    |     None    |   25  |    9    |   4    |      1      |    1     |    1    |   1    |    1    |   None   |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   X   | 1.0  |   None  |    1    |   5   |    1    |     None    |    27    |     4     |    1    |   1    |    1    |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   4   |    1    |     2     |     0     |     1     |    3    |    4    |   19   |    3     |   50   |    6     |   19  |    3    |    3    |   1    |    1     |   9    |     6      |   1    |  U  |   1   |   0   |   0   |   0   |   0   |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |    1     |    1     |    1     |    1     |    N    |    1     |    68   |   1    |    19.0   |   2   |  125   |   1    |  156   |   1    |   31   |     4      |    1     |    N     |    N     |    N     |    N     |    N     |     N     |     1      |     1      |      1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N     |    X     |    X     |     1     |      1       |      1       |    N     |     0     |     1      |      1      |    1     |   N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    N    |     1      |     1     |     1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1     |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |    1    |    1    |    X     |     1     |     1     |     1      |     1      |     1     |      1      |   N    |    N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    1     |   1   |     1     |     1      |     1     |    1     |   4    |   N   |  3  |    3    |   1   |     1     |   9    |    4    |    1     |    88   |    5     |    1    |   None   |     9      |  F  |   None  |    4    |   2021  |     None    |    None    |    37    |     6     |    2     |   None  |      37     |     6      |     2     | 2523 |   6    |   3   |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1     |      1      |      1       |     1     |     1     |    N    |    N    |    N    |   N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1      |      1      |     1      |      1      |    N    |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N     |    N    |     1     |      1       |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1     |   N   |   Y   |  Y   |   1    |  None  |    None   |   None   |   None  |   None  |  None  |  None |    None   |    None   |   None  |\n",
       "|  2022  |   1    |  122   |   6    |   3    |    1     |    2    |     None    |     None    |   42  |    12   |   7    |      1      |    1     |    1    |   1    |    1    |   None   |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   X   | 1.0  |   None  |    1    |   7   |    1    |     None    |    55    |     10    |    1    |   1    |    1    |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   6   |    1    |     1     |     0     |     0     |    2    |    2    |   21   |    3     |  888   |    88    |   21  |    3    |    3    |   1    |    1     |   10   |     6      |   1    |  N  |   1   |   0   |   0   |   0   |   0   |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |    1     |    1     |    1     |    1     |    N    |    1     |    67   |   1    |    22.1   |   2   |  141   |   1    |  171   |   1    |   30   |     3      |    1     |    N     |    N     |    N     |    N     |    N     |     N     |     1      |     1      |      1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N     |    X     |    X     |     1     |      1       |      1       |    N     |     0     |     1      |      1      |    1     |   N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    N    |     1      |     1     |     1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1     |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |    1    |    1    |    X     |     1     |     1     |     1      |     1      |     1     |      1      |   N    |    N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    1     |   1   |     1     |     1      |     1     |    1     |   4    |   N   |  9  |    9    |   1   |     1     |   10   |    4    |    1     |    88   |    5     |    1    |   None   |     9      |  F  |   None  |    4    |   2021  |     None    |    None    |    38    |     6     |    2     |   None  |      39     |     7      |     2     | 4139 |   9    |   3   |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1     |      1      |      1       |     1     |     1     |    N    |    N    |    N    |   N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1      |      1      |     1      |      1      |    N    |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N     |    N    |     1     |      1       |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1     |   N   |   Y   |  Y   |   1    |  None  |    None   |   None   |   None  |   None  |  None  |  None |    None   |    None   |   None  |\n",
       "|  2022  |   1    |  1801  |   1    |   1    |    1     |    1    |     None    |     None    |   27  |    9    |   4    |      2      |    1     |    1    |   1    |    1    |   None   |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   X   | 1.0  |   None  |    1    |   3   |    1    |     None    |    27    |     4     |    1    |   1    |    1    |   0    |    0    |    1    |     1     |   4   |    1    |     0     |     0     |     0     |    1    |    1    |  888   |    88    |  888   |    88    |  888  |    88   |    3    |   1    |    1     |   17   |     10     |   1    |  N  |   1   |   5   |   0   |   0   |   0   |   1    |   0    |   0    |   0    |    1     |    1     |    1     |    1     |    N    |    1     |    65   |   1    |    26.6   |   3   |  160   |   1    |  179   |   1    |   19   |     2      |    1     |    N     |    N     |    N     |    Y     |    N     |     N     |     1      |     1      |      1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N     |    X     |    X     |     1     |      1       |      1       |    N     |     0     |     1      |      1      |    0     |   N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    N    |     1      |     1     |     1      |      1      |      1      |    1     |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1     |    Y    |    N    |    Y    |    N    |    N    |    Y    |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     1     |     0     |    1    |    1    |    X     |     1     |     1     |     1      |     1      |     1     |      1      |   N    |    N    |    N    |    N     |    N    |    1     |   1   |     1     |     1      |     1     |    1     |   1    |   N   |  5  |    4    |   1   |     1     |   9    |    4    |    1     |    88   |    5     |    1    |   None   |     9      |  M  |   None  |    4    |   2021  |     None    |    None    |    37    |     6     |    2     |   None  |      37     |     6      |     2     | 3000 |   7    |   3   |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1     |      1      |      1       |     1     |     1     |    N    |    N    |    N    |   N    |    N    |    N    |     1     |     1      |     1      |      1      |     1      |      1      |    N    |    N     |    N     |    N    |    N     |    N    |     1     |      1       |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1      |     1     |   N   |   Y   |  Y   |   1    |  None  |    None   |   None   |   None  |   None  |  None  |  None |    None   |    None   |   None  |\n",
       "+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+----------+---------+-------------+-------------+-------+---------+--------+-------------+----------+---------+--------+---------+----------+--------+---------+---------+-----------+-------+------+---------+---------+-------+---------+-------------+----------+-----------+---------+--------+---------+--------+---------+---------+-----------+-------+---------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+-------+---------+---------+--------+----------+--------+------------+--------+-----+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--------+--------+--------+--------+----------+----------+----------+----------+---------+----------+---------+--------+-----------+-------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+----------+-----------+------------+-------------+----------+--------+---------+----------+---------+---------+------------+-----------+------------+-------------+-------------+----------+---------+---------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+------------+-----------+-------------+--------+---------+---------+----------+---------+----------+-------+-----------+------------+-----------+----------+--------+-------+-----+---------+-------+-----------+--------+---------+----------+---------+----------+---------+----------+------------+-----+---------+---------+---------+-------------+------------+----------+-----------+----------+---------+-------------+------------+-----------+------+--------+-------+----------+----------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+------------+-------------+------------+-------------+---------+----------+----------+---------+----------+---------+-----------+--------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+-----------+-------+-------+------+--------+--------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+--------+-------+-----------+-----------+---------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql \n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT *, \n",
    "FROM natality2022us \n",
    "LIMIT 5\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Demographic Analysis"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "###  Age distribution of mothers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>age_group</th>\n",
       "            <th>count</th>\n",
       "            <th>percentage</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>15-19 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>143991</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.92</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>20-24 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>639646</td>\n",
       "            <td>17.4</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>25-29 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>1015812</td>\n",
       "            <td>27.63</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>30-34 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>1121492</td>\n",
       "            <td>30.51</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>35-39 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>608150</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.54</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>40-44 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>134482</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.66</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>45-49 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>9376</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.26</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>50-54 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>1252</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.03</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Under 15 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>1828</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.05</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+----------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|   age_group    |  count  | percentage |\n",
       "+----------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|  15-19 years   |  143991 |    3.92    |\n",
       "|  20-24 years   |  639646 |    17.4    |\n",
       "|  25-29 years   | 1015812 |   27.63    |\n",
       "|  30-34 years   | 1121492 |   30.51    |\n",
       "|  35-39 years   |  608150 |   16.54    |\n",
       "|  40-44 years   |  134482 |    3.66    |\n",
       "|  45-49 years   |   9376  |    0.26    |\n",
       "|  50-54 years   |   1252  |    0.03    |\n",
       "| Under 15 years |   1828  |    0.05    |\n",
       "+----------------+---------+------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN MAGER9 = 1 THEN 'Under 15 years'\n",
    "        WHEN MAGER9 = 2 THEN '15-19 years'\n",
    "        WHEN MAGER9 = 3 THEN '20-24 years'\n",
    "        WHEN MAGER9 = 4 THEN '25-29 years'\n",
    "        WHEN MAGER9 = 5 THEN '30-34 years'\n",
    "        WHEN MAGER9 = 6 THEN '35-39 years'\n",
    "        WHEN MAGER9 = 7 THEN '40-44 years'\n",
    "        WHEN MAGER9 = 8 THEN '45-49 years'\n",
    "        WHEN MAGER9 = 9 THEN '50-54 years'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown'\n",
    "    END AS age_group,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS count,\n",
    "    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY\n",
    "    age_group\n",
    "\n",
    "ORDER BY\n",
    "    age_group"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Racial and ethnic distribution of mothers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>race</th>\n",
       "            <th>count</th>\n",
       "            <th>percentage</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>White</td>\n",
       "            <td>2712785</td>\n",
       "            <td>73.8</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Black</td>\n",
       "            <td>574240</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.62</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Asian or Pacific Islander</td>\n",
       "            <td>232993</td>\n",
       "            <td>6.34</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Unknown or Not Stated</td>\n",
       "            <td>120188</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.27</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>American Indian/Alaska Native</td>\n",
       "            <td>35823</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.97</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-------------------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|              race             |  count  | percentage |\n",
       "+-------------------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|             White             | 2712785 |    73.8    |\n",
       "|             Black             |  574240 |   15.62    |\n",
       "|   Asian or Pacific Islander   |  232993 |    6.34    |\n",
       "|     Unknown or Not Stated     |  120188 |    3.27    |\n",
       "| American Indian/Alaska Native |  35823  |    0.97    |\n",
       "+-------------------------------+---------+------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 1 THEN 'White'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 2 THEN 'Black'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 3 THEN 'American Indian/Alaska Native'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 4 THEN 'Asian or Pacific Islander'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown or Not Stated'\n",
    "    END AS race,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS count,\n",
    "    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    race\n",
    "ORDER BY \n",
    "    count DESC;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>ethnicity</th>\n",
       "            <th>count</th>\n",
       "            <th>percentage</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Non-Hispanic</td>\n",
       "            <td>2696577</td>\n",
       "            <td>73.36</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Hispanic</td>\n",
       "            <td>516701</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.06</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Unknown or Not Stated</td>\n",
       "            <td>462751</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.59</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-----------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|       ethnicity       |  count  | percentage |\n",
       "+-----------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|      Non-Hispanic     | 2696577 |   73.36    |\n",
       "|        Hispanic       |  516701 |   14.06    |\n",
       "| Unknown or Not Stated |  462751 |   12.59    |\n",
       "+-----------------------+---------+------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN mhisp_r = 0 THEN 'Non-Hispanic'\n",
    "        WHEN mhisp_r = 1 THEN 'Hispanic'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown or Not Stated'\n",
    "    END AS ethnicity,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS count,\n",
    "    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    ethnicity\n",
    "ORDER BY \n",
    "    count DESC;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Education level of mothers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>education_level</th>\n",
       "            <th>count</th>\n",
       "            <th>percentage</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>High school graduate or GED completed</td>\n",
       "            <td>958997</td>\n",
       "            <td>26.09</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bachelor's degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>798813</td>\n",
       "            <td>21.73</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Some college credit, but not a degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>650928</td>\n",
       "            <td>17.71</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Master's degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>381012</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.36</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Associate degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>307718</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.37</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>9th through 12th grade with no diploma</td>\n",
       "            <td>286025</td>\n",
       "            <td>7.78</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>8th grade or less</td>\n",
       "            <td>118427</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.22</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Doctorate or Professional degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>112420</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.06</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Unknown</td>\n",
       "            <td>61689</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.68</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+----------------------------------------+--------+------------+\n",
       "|            education_level             | count  | percentage |\n",
       "+----------------------------------------+--------+------------+\n",
       "| High school graduate or GED completed  | 958997 |   26.09    |\n",
       "|           Bachelor's degree            | 798813 |   21.73    |\n",
       "| Some college credit, but not a degree  | 650928 |   17.71    |\n",
       "|            Master's degree             | 381012 |   10.36    |\n",
       "|            Associate degree            | 307718 |    8.37    |\n",
       "| 9th through 12th grade with no diploma | 286025 |    7.78    |\n",
       "|           8th grade or less            | 118427 |    3.22    |\n",
       "|    Doctorate or Professional degree    | 112420 |    3.06    |\n",
       "|                Unknown                 | 61689  |    1.68    |\n",
       "+----------------------------------------+--------+------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 1 THEN '8th grade or less'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 2 THEN '9th through 12th grade with no diploma'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 3 THEN 'High school graduate or GED completed'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 4 THEN 'Some college credit, but not a degree'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 5 THEN 'Associate degree'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 6 THEN 'Bachelor''s degree'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 7 THEN 'Master''s degree'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 8 THEN 'Doctorate or Professional degree'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown'\n",
    "    END AS education_level,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS count,\n",
    "    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    education_level\n",
    "ORDER BY \n",
    "    count DESC;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Marital status of mothers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>marital_status</th>\n",
       "            <th>count</th>\n",
       "            <th>percentage</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Married</td>\n",
       "            <td>1954233</td>\n",
       "            <td>53.16</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Unmarried</td>\n",
       "            <td>1301540</td>\n",
       "            <td>35.41</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Unknown or Not Stated</td>\n",
       "            <td>420256</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.43</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-----------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|     marital_status    |  count  | percentage |\n",
       "+-----------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|        Married        | 1954233 |   53.16    |\n",
       "|       Unmarried       | 1301540 |   35.41    |\n",
       "| Unknown or Not Stated |  420256 |   11.43    |\n",
       "+-----------------------+---------+------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN DMAR = 1 THEN 'Married'\n",
    "        WHEN DMAR = 2 THEN 'Unmarried'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown or Not Stated'\n",
    "    END AS marital_status,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS count,\n",
    "    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    marital_status\n",
    "ORDER BY \n",
    "    count DESC;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Distribution of Births by Maternal Age Group "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>age_group</th>\n",
       "            <th>birth_count</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>25-29 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>1015812</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>20-24 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>639646</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>40-44 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>134482</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>30-34 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>1121492</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>35-39 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>608150</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>15-19 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>143991</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>45-49 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>9376</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>50-54 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>1252</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Under 15 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>1828</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+----------------+-------------+\n",
       "|   age_group    | birth_count |\n",
       "+----------------+-------------+\n",
       "|  25-29 years   |   1015812   |\n",
       "|  20-24 years   |    639646   |\n",
       "|  40-44 years   |    134482   |\n",
       "|  30-34 years   |   1121492   |\n",
       "|  35-39 years   |    608150   |\n",
       "|  15-19 years   |    143991   |\n",
       "|  45-49 years   |     9376    |\n",
       "|  50-54 years   |     1252    |\n",
       "| Under 15 years |     1828    |\n",
       "+----------------+-------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "  CASE \n",
    "    WHEN MAGER9 = 1 THEN 'Under 15 years'\n",
    "    WHEN MAGER9 = 2 THEN '15-19 years'\n",
    "    WHEN MAGER9 = 3 THEN '20-24 years'\n",
    "    WHEN MAGER9 = 4 THEN '25-29 years'\n",
    "    WHEN MAGER9 = 5 THEN '30-34 years'\n",
    "    WHEN MAGER9 = 6 THEN '35-39 years'\n",
    "    WHEN MAGER9 = 7 THEN '40-44 years'\n",
    "    WHEN MAGER9 = 8 THEN '45-49 years'\n",
    "    WHEN MAGER9 = 9 THEN '50-54 years'\n",
    "    ELSE 'Unknown'\n",
    "  END AS age_group,\n",
    "  COUNT(*) AS birth_count\n",
    "FROM natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY age_group;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Preterm Birth"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Percentage of Preterm Births (Less Than 37 Weeks Gestation)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>PretermBirthPercentage</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>12.189158464201451</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+------------------------+\n",
       "| PretermBirthPercentage |\n",
       "+------------------------+\n",
       "|   12.189158464201451   |\n",
       "+------------------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql \n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN gestrec3 = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*) AS PretermBirthPercentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Higher Rates of Preterm Birth"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>PrePregnancyDiabetes</th>\n",
       "            <th>GestationalDiabetes</th>\n",
       "            <th>PrePregnancyHypertension</th>\n",
       "            <th>GestationalHypertension</th>\n",
       "            <th>PreviousPretermBirth</th>\n",
       "            <th>PretermBirthRate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>40.96551724137931</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>23.983834797234163</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>38.95676691729323</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.898242173674447</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>20.36036936432072</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>22.645442486261132</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>U</td>\n",
       "            <td>U</td>\n",
       "            <td>U</td>\n",
       "            <td>U</td>\n",
       "            <td>U</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.573891262708118</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>35.053885422575156</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>27.982824776173945</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>55.714285714285715</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>38.359751895244656</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>26.735730650463193</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>40.67439409905163</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>55.55555555555556</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.582444892666762</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>37.03293661776917</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>19.61421403306737</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>41.51291512915129</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>Y</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>N</td>\n",
       "            <td>20.99736463172766</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+----------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+--------------------+\n",
       "| PrePregnancyDiabetes | GestationalDiabetes | PrePregnancyHypertension | GestationalHypertension | PreviousPretermBirth |  PretermBirthRate  |\n",
       "+----------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+--------------------+\n",
       "|          N           |          N          |            Y             |            N            |          Y           | 40.96551724137931  |\n",
       "|          N           |          Y          |            N             |            Y            |          N           | 23.983834797234163 |\n",
       "|          Y           |          N          |            N             |            N            |          Y           | 38.95676691729323  |\n",
       "|          N           |          N          |            N             |            N            |          N           | 9.898242173674447  |\n",
       "|          N           |          N          |            N             |            Y            |          N           | 20.36036936432072  |\n",
       "|          N           |          Y          |            Y             |            N            |          N           | 22.645442486261132 |\n",
       "|          U           |          U          |            U             |            U            |          U           | 15.573891262708118 |\n",
       "|          Y           |          N          |            Y             |            N            |          N           | 35.053885422575156 |\n",
       "|          N           |          Y          |            N             |            N            |          Y           | 27.982824776173945 |\n",
       "|          Y           |          N          |            N             |            Y            |          Y           | 55.714285714285715 |\n",
       "|          N           |          N          |            N             |            Y            |          Y           | 38.359751895244656 |\n",
       "|          N           |          N          |            N             |            N            |          Y           | 26.735730650463193 |\n",
       "|          N           |          Y          |            Y             |            N            |          Y           | 40.67439409905163  |\n",
       "|          Y           |          N          |            Y             |            N            |          Y           | 55.55555555555556  |\n",
       "|          N           |          Y          |            N             |            N            |          N           | 11.582444892666762 |\n",
       "|          Y           |          N          |            N             |            Y            |          N           | 37.03293661776917  |\n",
       "|          Y           |          N          |            N             |            N            |          N           | 19.61421403306737  |\n",
       "|          N           |          Y          |            N             |            Y            |          Y           | 41.51291512915129  |\n",
       "|          N           |          N          |            Y             |            N            |          N           | 20.99736463172766  |\n",
       "+----------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+--------------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    rf_pdiab AS PrePregnancyDiabetes,\n",
    "    rf_gdiab AS GestationalDiabetes,\n",
    "    rf_phype AS PrePregnancyHypertension,\n",
    "    rf_ghype AS GestationalHypertension,\n",
    "    rf_ppterm AS PreviousPretermBirth,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN gestrec3 = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*) AS PretermBirthRate\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    rf_pdiab, rf_gdiab, rf_phype, rf_ghype, rf_ppterm;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Preterm Birth Rates by Mother's Age"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>MothersAge</th>\n",
       "            <th>PretermBirthRate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>12</td>\n",
       "            <td>25.974025974025974</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>13</td>\n",
       "            <td>26.582278481012658</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>14</td>\n",
       "            <td>21.533101045296167</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>15</td>\n",
       "            <td>18.967427431863506</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>16</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.61616655263415</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>17</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.209419031075083</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>18</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.344470397075252</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>19</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.818398784985897</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>20</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.334060051373928</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>21</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.320170452002184</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>22</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.732484661168659</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>23</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.789004744565817</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>24</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.591369142742547</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>25</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.304586746346573</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>26</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.240051999112211</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>27</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.264893430315322</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>28</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.207851538539005</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>29</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.283787631241212</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>30</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.350848659597688</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>31</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.398946483702119</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>32</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.344904613962564</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>33</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.710300001390827</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>34</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.10389028142895</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>35</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.446913151651913</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>36</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.838706605076432</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>37</td>\n",
       "            <td>13.983413168184498</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>38</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.376979824393562</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>39</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.218982058648166</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>40</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.259288597186075</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>41</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.874551575694024</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>42</td>\n",
       "            <td>17.312913626336332</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>43</td>\n",
       "            <td>18.03350327749454</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>44</td>\n",
       "            <td>19.04040404040404</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>45</td>\n",
       "            <td>20.28584601198709</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>46</td>\n",
       "            <td>23.040482342807923</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>47</td>\n",
       "            <td>21.255349500713265</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>48</td>\n",
       "            <td>27.881040892193308</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>49</td>\n",
       "            <td>31.36094674556213</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>50</td>\n",
       "            <td>33.546325878594246</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+------------+--------------------+\n",
       "| MothersAge |  PretermBirthRate  |\n",
       "+------------+--------------------+\n",
       "|     12     | 25.974025974025974 |\n",
       "|     13     | 26.582278481012658 |\n",
       "|     14     | 21.533101045296167 |\n",
       "|     15     | 18.967427431863506 |\n",
       "|     16     | 16.61616655263415  |\n",
       "|     17     | 15.209419031075083 |\n",
       "|     18     | 14.344470397075252 |\n",
       "|     19     | 12.818398784985897 |\n",
       "|     20     | 12.334060051373928 |\n",
       "|     21     | 12.320170452002184 |\n",
       "|     22     | 11.732484661168659 |\n",
       "|     23     | 11.789004744565817 |\n",
       "|     24     | 11.591369142742547 |\n",
       "|     25     | 11.304586746346573 |\n",
       "|     26     | 11.240051999112211 |\n",
       "|     27     | 11.264893430315322 |\n",
       "|     28     | 11.207851538539005 |\n",
       "|     29     | 11.283787631241212 |\n",
       "|     30     | 11.350848659597688 |\n",
       "|     31     | 11.398946483702119 |\n",
       "|     32     | 11.344904613962564 |\n",
       "|     33     | 11.710300001390827 |\n",
       "|     34     | 12.10389028142895  |\n",
       "|     35     | 12.446913151651913 |\n",
       "|     36     | 12.838706605076432 |\n",
       "|     37     | 13.983413168184498 |\n",
       "|     38     | 14.376979824393562 |\n",
       "|     39     | 15.218982058648166 |\n",
       "|     40     | 16.259288597186075 |\n",
       "|     41     | 16.874551575694024 |\n",
       "|     42     | 17.312913626336332 |\n",
       "|     43     | 18.03350327749454  |\n",
       "|     44     | 19.04040404040404  |\n",
       "|     45     | 20.28584601198709  |\n",
       "|     46     | 23.040482342807923 |\n",
       "|     47     | 21.255349500713265 |\n",
       "|     48     | 27.881040892193308 |\n",
       "|     49     | 31.36094674556213  |\n",
       "|     50     | 33.546325878594246 |\n",
       "+------------+--------------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    mager AS MothersAge,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN gestrec3 = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*) AS PretermBirthRate\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    mager\n",
    "ORDER BY \n",
    "    MothersAge;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Preterm Birth Rates by Mother's Race/Ethnicity"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>MothersRaceEthnicity</th>\n",
       "            <th>PretermBirthRate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>White (only)</td>\n",
       "            <td>11.239925021702788</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>AIAN (only)</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.91191836166063</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>American Indian/Alaska Native</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.806130139854284</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Asian (only)</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.84624859974334</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>NHOPI (only)</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.612363785895415</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>More than one race</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.494673144123412</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-------------------------------+--------------------+\n",
       "|      MothersRaceEthnicity     |  PretermBirthRate  |\n",
       "+-------------------------------+--------------------+\n",
       "|          White (only)         | 11.239925021702788 |\n",
       "|          AIAN (only)          | 16.91191836166063  |\n",
       "| American Indian/Alaska Native | 14.806130139854284 |\n",
       "|          Asian (only)         | 10.84624859974334  |\n",
       "|          NHOPI (only)         | 15.612363785895415 |\n",
       "|       More than one race      | 12.494673144123412 |\n",
       "+-------------------------------+--------------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 1 THEN 'White (only)'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 2 THEN 'AIAN (only)'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 3 THEN 'American Indian/Alaska Native'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 4 THEN 'Asian (only)'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 5 THEN 'NHOPI (only)'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 6 THEN 'More than one race'\n",
    "    END AS MothersRaceEthnicity,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN gestrec3 = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*) AS PretermBirthRate\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    mrace6\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Preterm Birth Rates by Mother's Education Level"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>MothersEducation</th>\n",
       "            <th>PretermBirthRate</th>\n",
       "            <th>AvgMaternalAge</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>8th grade or less</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.21550828780599</td>\n",
       "            <td>29.401530056490497</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>9th through 12th grade with no diploma</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.671357398828773</td>\n",
       "            <td>25.817057949479942</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>High school graduate or GED completed</td>\n",
       "            <td>13.601710954257417</td>\n",
       "            <td>26.990802890937093</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Some college credit, but not a degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.710775999803358</td>\n",
       "            <td>28.779161443354717</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Associate degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.073391871778707</td>\n",
       "            <td>30.22351958611456</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Bachelor's degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.870895941853725</td>\n",
       "            <td>31.69286804295874</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Master's degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.775807586112773</td>\n",
       "            <td>33.23399000556413</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Doctorate or Professional degree</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.803415762319872</td>\n",
       "            <td>34.230056929372</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Unknown</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.540679861887856</td>\n",
       "            <td>30.600885084861158</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+----------------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------+\n",
       "|            MothersEducation            |  PretermBirthRate  |   AvgMaternalAge   |\n",
       "+----------------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------+\n",
       "|           8th grade or less            | 14.21550828780599  | 29.401530056490497 |\n",
       "| 9th through 12th grade with no diploma | 15.671357398828773 | 25.817057949479942 |\n",
       "| High school graduate or GED completed  | 13.601710954257417 | 26.990802890937093 |\n",
       "| Some college credit, but not a degree  | 12.710775999803358 | 28.779161443354717 |\n",
       "|            Associate degree            | 12.073391871778707 | 30.22351958611456  |\n",
       "|           Bachelor's degree            | 9.870895941853725  | 31.69286804295874  |\n",
       "|            Master's degree             | 9.775807586112773  | 33.23399000556413  |\n",
       "|    Doctorate or Professional degree    | 9.803415762319872  |  34.230056929372   |\n",
       "|                Unknown                 | 14.540679861887856 | 30.600885084861158 |\n",
       "+----------------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 1 THEN '8th grade or less'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 2 THEN '9th through 12th grade with no diploma'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 3 THEN 'High school graduate or GED completed'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 4 THEN 'Some college credit, but not a degree'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 5 THEN 'Associate degree'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 6 THEN 'Bachelor''s degree'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 7 THEN 'Master''s degree'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 8 THEN 'Doctorate or Professional degree'\n",
    "        WHEN meduc = 9 THEN 'Unknown'\n",
    "    END AS MothersEducation,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN gestrec3 = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*) AS PretermBirthRate,\n",
    "    AVG(CAST(mager AS INTEGER)) AS AvgMaternalAge,\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    meduc\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Childbirth"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Proportion of Births in a Hospital vs. Out-of-Hospital"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>Birthplace</th>\n",
       "            <th>BirthCount</th>\n",
       "            <th>BirthProportion</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Hospital</td>\n",
       "            <td>3592134</td>\n",
       "            <td>97.72</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Out-of-Hospital</td>\n",
       "            <td>83761</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.28</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Unknown</td>\n",
       "            <td>134</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-----------------+------------+-----------------+\n",
       "|    Birthplace   | BirthCount | BirthProportion |\n",
       "+-----------------+------------+-----------------+\n",
       "|     Hospital    |  3592134   |      97.72      |\n",
       "| Out-of-Hospital |   83761    |       2.28      |\n",
       "|     Unknown     |    134     |       0.0       |\n",
       "+-----------------+------------+-----------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN bfacil = 1 THEN 'Hospital'\n",
    "        WHEN bfacil IN (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) THEN 'Out-of-Hospital'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown'\n",
    "    END AS Birthplace,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS BirthCount,\n",
    "    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / SUM(COUNT(*)) OVER (), 2) AS BirthProportion\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    Birthplace\n",
    "ORDER BY \n",
    "    BirthProportion DESC;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Rates of Cesarean Section Deliveries"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>CesareanCount</th>\n",
       "            <th>TotalBirths</th>\n",
       "            <th>CesareanRate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>1181015</td>\n",
       "            <td>3676029</td>\n",
       "            <td>32.13</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+---------------+-------------+--------------+\n",
       "| CesareanCount | TotalBirths | CesareanRate |\n",
       "+---------------+-------------+--------------+\n",
       "|    1181015    |   3676029   |    32.13     |\n",
       "+---------------+-------------+--------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS CesareanCount,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS TotalBirths,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*), 2) AS CesareanRate\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    dob_yy\n",
    "ORDER BY \n",
    "    dob_yy;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Differences in Delivery by Mother's Age"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>MothersAgeGroup</th>\n",
       "            <th>VaginalBirths</th>\n",
       "            <th>CesareanBirths</th>\n",
       "            <th>TotalBirths</th>\n",
       "            <th>VaginalRate</th>\n",
       "            <th>CesareanRate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Under 15 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>1546</td>\n",
       "            <td>280</td>\n",
       "            <td>1828</td>\n",
       "            <td>84.57</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.32</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>15-19 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>116620</td>\n",
       "            <td>27293</td>\n",
       "            <td>143991</td>\n",
       "            <td>80.99</td>\n",
       "            <td>18.95</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>20-24 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>479892</td>\n",
       "            <td>159200</td>\n",
       "            <td>639646</td>\n",
       "            <td>75.02</td>\n",
       "            <td>24.89</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>25-29 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>713460</td>\n",
       "            <td>301551</td>\n",
       "            <td>1015812</td>\n",
       "            <td>70.24</td>\n",
       "            <td>29.69</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>30-34 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>740143</td>\n",
       "            <td>380586</td>\n",
       "            <td>1121492</td>\n",
       "            <td>66.0</td>\n",
       "            <td>33.94</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>35-39 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>364719</td>\n",
       "            <td>242952</td>\n",
       "            <td>608150</td>\n",
       "            <td>59.97</td>\n",
       "            <td>39.95</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>40-44 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>71525</td>\n",
       "            <td>62831</td>\n",
       "            <td>134482</td>\n",
       "            <td>53.19</td>\n",
       "            <td>46.72</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>45-49 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>3941</td>\n",
       "            <td>5428</td>\n",
       "            <td>9376</td>\n",
       "            <td>42.03</td>\n",
       "            <td>57.89</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>50-54 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>355</td>\n",
       "            <td>894</td>\n",
       "            <td>1252</td>\n",
       "            <td>28.35</td>\n",
       "            <td>71.41</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-----------------+---------------+----------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+\n",
       "| MothersAgeGroup | VaginalBirths | CesareanBirths | TotalBirths | VaginalRate | CesareanRate |\n",
       "+-----------------+---------------+----------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+\n",
       "|  Under 15 years |      1546     |      280       |     1828    |    84.57    |    15.32     |\n",
       "|   15-19 years   |     116620    |     27293      |    143991   |    80.99    |    18.95     |\n",
       "|   20-24 years   |     479892    |     159200     |    639646   |    75.02    |    24.89     |\n",
       "|   25-29 years   |     713460    |     301551     |   1015812   |    70.24    |    29.69     |\n",
       "|   30-34 years   |     740143    |     380586     |   1121492   |     66.0    |    33.94     |\n",
       "|   35-39 years   |     364719    |     242952     |    608150   |    59.97    |    39.95     |\n",
       "|   40-44 years   |     71525     |     62831      |    134482   |    53.19    |    46.72     |\n",
       "|   45-49 years   |      3941     |      5428      |     9376    |    42.03    |    57.89     |\n",
       "|   50-54 years   |      355      |      894       |     1252    |    28.35    |    71.41     |\n",
       "+-----------------+---------------+----------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN mager9 = 1 THEN 'Under 15 years'\n",
    "        WHEN mager9 = 2 THEN '15-19 years'\n",
    "        WHEN mager9 = 3 THEN '20-24 years'\n",
    "        WHEN mager9 = 4 THEN '25-29 years'\n",
    "        WHEN mager9 = 5 THEN '30-34 years'\n",
    "        WHEN mager9 = 6 THEN '35-39 years'\n",
    "        WHEN mager9 = 7 THEN '40-44 years'\n",
    "        WHEN mager9 = 8 THEN '45-49 years'\n",
    "        WHEN mager9 = 9 THEN '50-54 years'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown'\n",
    "    END AS MothersAgeGroup,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS VaginalBirths,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS CesareanBirths,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS TotalBirths,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*), 2) AS VaginalRate,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*), 2) AS CesareanRate\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    mager9\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Differences in Delivery by Mother's Race/Ethnicity"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>MothersRaceEthnicity</th>\n",
       "            <th>VaginalBirths</th>\n",
       "            <th>CesareanBirths</th>\n",
       "            <th>TotalBirths</th>\n",
       "            <th>VaginalRate</th>\n",
       "            <th>CesareanRate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>White (only)</td>\n",
       "            <td>1863557</td>\n",
       "            <td>847043</td>\n",
       "            <td>2712785</td>\n",
       "            <td>68.7</td>\n",
       "            <td>31.22</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>AIAN (only)</td>\n",
       "            <td>365017</td>\n",
       "            <td>208870</td>\n",
       "            <td>574240</td>\n",
       "            <td>63.57</td>\n",
       "            <td>36.37</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>American Indian/Alaska Native</td>\n",
       "            <td>25369</td>\n",
       "            <td>10426</td>\n",
       "            <td>35823</td>\n",
       "            <td>70.82</td>\n",
       "            <td>29.1</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Asian (only)</td>\n",
       "            <td>155079</td>\n",
       "            <td>77749</td>\n",
       "            <td>232993</td>\n",
       "            <td>66.56</td>\n",
       "            <td>33.37</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>NHOPI (only)</td>\n",
       "            <td>9982</td>\n",
       "            <td>4593</td>\n",
       "            <td>14591</td>\n",
       "            <td>68.41</td>\n",
       "            <td>31.48</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>More than one race</td>\n",
       "            <td>73197</td>\n",
       "            <td>32334</td>\n",
       "            <td>105597</td>\n",
       "            <td>69.32</td>\n",
       "            <td>30.62</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-------------------------------+---------------+----------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+\n",
       "|      MothersRaceEthnicity     | VaginalBirths | CesareanBirths | TotalBirths | VaginalRate | CesareanRate |\n",
       "+-------------------------------+---------------+----------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+\n",
       "|          White (only)         |    1863557    |     847043     |   2712785   |     68.7    |    31.22     |\n",
       "|          AIAN (only)          |     365017    |     208870     |    574240   |    63.57    |    36.37     |\n",
       "| American Indian/Alaska Native |     25369     |     10426      |    35823    |    70.82    |     29.1     |\n",
       "|          Asian (only)         |     155079    |     77749      |    232993   |    66.56    |    33.37     |\n",
       "|          NHOPI (only)         |      9982     |      4593      |    14591    |    68.41    |    31.48     |\n",
       "|       More than one race      |     73197     |     32334      |    105597   |    69.32    |    30.62     |\n",
       "+-------------------------------+---------------+----------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 1 THEN 'White (only)'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 2 THEN 'AIAN (only)'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 3 THEN 'American Indian/Alaska Native'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 4 THEN 'Asian (only)'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 5 THEN 'NHOPI (only)'\n",
    "        WHEN mrace6 = 6 THEN 'More than one race'\n",
    "    END AS MothersRaceEthnicity,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS VaginalBirths,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS CesareanBirths,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS TotalBirths,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*), 2) AS VaginalRate,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN dmeth_rec = 2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*), 2) AS CesareanRate\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    mrace6\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Abnormal Conditions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Most Common Abnormal Conditions:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>Condition</th>\n",
       "            <th>Count</th>\n",
       "            <th>Percentage</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Assisted ventilation required immediately after delivery</td>\n",
       "            <td>215477</td>\n",
       "            <td>5.86</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Assisted ventilation required for more than 6 hours</td>\n",
       "            <td>70972</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.93</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Admission to NICU</td>\n",
       "            <td>348152</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.47</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Surfactant replacement therapy</td>\n",
       "            <td>18067</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.49</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Antibiotics received by the newborn for suspected neonatal sepsis</td>\n",
       "            <td>68254</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.86</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Seizure or serious neurologic dysfunction</td>\n",
       "            <td>1337</td>\n",
       "            <td>0.04</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>No abnormal conditions</td>\n",
       "            <td>3232157</td>\n",
       "            <td>87.93</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|                             Condition                             |  Count  | Percentage |\n",
       "+-------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|      Assisted ventilation required immediately after delivery     |  215477 |    5.86    |\n",
       "|        Assisted ventilation required for more than 6 hours        |  70972  |    1.93    |\n",
       "|                         Admission to NICU                         |  348152 |    9.47    |\n",
       "|                   Surfactant replacement therapy                  |  18067  |    0.49    |\n",
       "| Antibiotics received by the newborn for suspected neonatal sepsis |  68254  |    1.86    |\n",
       "|             Seizure or serious neurologic dysfunction             |   1337  |    0.04    |\n",
       "|                       No abnormal conditions                      | 3232157 |   87.93    |\n",
       "+-------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    'Assisted ventilation required immediately after delivery' AS Condition,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_aven1 = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Count,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN ab_aven1 = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS Percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "\n",
    "UNION ALL\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    'Assisted ventilation required for more than 6 hours' AS Condition,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_aven6 = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Count,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN ab_aven6 = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS Percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "\n",
    "UNION ALL\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    'Admission to NICU' AS Condition,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_nicu = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Count,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN ab_nicu = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS Percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "\n",
    "UNION ALL\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    'Surfactant replacement therapy' AS Condition,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_surf = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Count,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN ab_surf = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS Percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "\n",
    "UNION ALL\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    'Antibiotics received by the newborn for suspected neonatal sepsis' AS Condition,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_anti = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Count,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN ab_anti = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS Percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "\n",
    "UNION ALL\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    'Seizure or serious neurologic dysfunction' AS Condition,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_seiz = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Count,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN ab_seiz = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS Percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "    \n",
    "UNION ALL \n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    'No abnormal conditions' AS Condition,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN NO_ABNORM = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Count,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN NO_ABNORM = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS Percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Abnormal Conditions by Maternal Age Group"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>MothersAgeGroup</th>\n",
       "            <th>AssistedVentilation</th>\n",
       "            <th>AssistedVentilation6Hrs</th>\n",
       "            <th>NICUAdmission</th>\n",
       "            <th>SurfactantTherapy</th>\n",
       "            <th>AntibioticTherapy</th>\n",
       "            <th>Seizures</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Under 15 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>128</td>\n",
       "            <td>61</td>\n",
       "            <td>236</td>\n",
       "            <td>14</td>\n",
       "            <td>63</td>\n",
       "            <td>0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>15-19 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>8195</td>\n",
       "            <td>2805</td>\n",
       "            <td>13525</td>\n",
       "            <td>801</td>\n",
       "            <td>3192</td>\n",
       "            <td>79</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>20-24 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>35757</td>\n",
       "            <td>11881</td>\n",
       "            <td>57150</td>\n",
       "            <td>3085</td>\n",
       "            <td>12317</td>\n",
       "            <td>239</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>25-29 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>57607</td>\n",
       "            <td>18961</td>\n",
       "            <td>90439</td>\n",
       "            <td>4723</td>\n",
       "            <td>18311</td>\n",
       "            <td>348</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>30-34 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>65159</td>\n",
       "            <td>21171</td>\n",
       "            <td>104244</td>\n",
       "            <td>5318</td>\n",
       "            <td>20165</td>\n",
       "            <td>394</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>35-39 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>38128</td>\n",
       "            <td>12466</td>\n",
       "            <td>63809</td>\n",
       "            <td>3203</td>\n",
       "            <td>11152</td>\n",
       "            <td>214</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>40-44 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>9504</td>\n",
       "            <td>3267</td>\n",
       "            <td>16898</td>\n",
       "            <td>827</td>\n",
       "            <td>2776</td>\n",
       "            <td>61</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>45-49 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>820</td>\n",
       "            <td>287</td>\n",
       "            <td>1520</td>\n",
       "            <td>79</td>\n",
       "            <td>227</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>50-54 years</td>\n",
       "            <td>179</td>\n",
       "            <td>73</td>\n",
       "            <td>331</td>\n",
       "            <td>17</td>\n",
       "            <td>51</td>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-----------------+---------------------+-------------------------+---------------+-------------------+-------------------+----------+\n",
       "| MothersAgeGroup | AssistedVentilation | AssistedVentilation6Hrs | NICUAdmission | SurfactantTherapy | AntibioticTherapy | Seizures |\n",
       "+-----------------+---------------------+-------------------------+---------------+-------------------+-------------------+----------+\n",
       "|  Under 15 years |         128         |            61           |      236      |         14        |         63        |    0     |\n",
       "|   15-19 years   |         8195        |           2805          |     13525     |        801        |        3192       |    79    |\n",
       "|   20-24 years   |        35757        |          11881          |     57150     |        3085       |       12317       |   239    |\n",
       "|   25-29 years   |        57607        |          18961          |     90439     |        4723       |       18311       |   348    |\n",
       "|   30-34 years   |        65159        |          21171          |     104244    |        5318       |       20165       |   394    |\n",
       "|   35-39 years   |        38128        |          12466          |     63809     |        3203       |       11152       |   214    |\n",
       "|   40-44 years   |         9504        |           3267          |     16898     |        827        |        2776       |    61    |\n",
       "|   45-49 years   |         820         |           287           |      1520     |         79        |        227        |    1     |\n",
       "|   50-54 years   |         179         |            73           |      331      |         17        |         51        |    1     |\n",
       "+-----------------+---------------------+-------------------------+---------------+-------------------+-------------------+----------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE mager9\n",
    "        WHEN 1 THEN 'Under 15 years'\n",
    "        WHEN 2 THEN '15-19 years'\n",
    "        WHEN 3 THEN '20-24 years'\n",
    "        WHEN 4 THEN '25-29 years'\n",
    "        WHEN 5 THEN '30-34 years'\n",
    "        WHEN 6 THEN '35-39 years'\n",
    "        WHEN 7 THEN '40-44 years'\n",
    "        WHEN 8 THEN '45-49 years'\n",
    "        WHEN 9 THEN '50-54 years'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown'\n",
    "    END AS MothersAgeGroup,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_aven1 = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS AssistedVentilation,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_aven6 = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS AssistedVentilation6Hrs,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_nicu = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS NICUAdmission,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_surf = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS SurfactantTherapy,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_anti = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS AntibioticTherapy,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_seiz = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Seizures\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    mager9\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Infants Requiring NICU Admission and Assisted Ventilation by Maternal Age Group"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>MothersAgeGroup</th>\n",
       "            <th>TotalBirths</th>\n",
       "            <th>NICUAdmissions</th>\n",
       "            <th>NICUAdmissionRate</th>\n",
       "            <th>AssistedVentilation</th>\n",
       "            <th>AssistedVentilationRate</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>1</td>\n",
       "            <td>1828</td>\n",
       "            <td>236</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.91</td>\n",
       "            <td>128</td>\n",
       "            <td>7.0</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>2</td>\n",
       "            <td>143991</td>\n",
       "            <td>13525</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.39</td>\n",
       "            <td>8195</td>\n",
       "            <td>5.69</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>3</td>\n",
       "            <td>639646</td>\n",
       "            <td>57150</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.93</td>\n",
       "            <td>35757</td>\n",
       "            <td>5.59</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>4</td>\n",
       "            <td>1015812</td>\n",
       "            <td>90439</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.9</td>\n",
       "            <td>57607</td>\n",
       "            <td>5.67</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>5</td>\n",
       "            <td>1121492</td>\n",
       "            <td>104244</td>\n",
       "            <td>9.3</td>\n",
       "            <td>65159</td>\n",
       "            <td>5.81</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>6</td>\n",
       "            <td>608150</td>\n",
       "            <td>63809</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.49</td>\n",
       "            <td>38128</td>\n",
       "            <td>6.27</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>7</td>\n",
       "            <td>134482</td>\n",
       "            <td>16898</td>\n",
       "            <td>12.57</td>\n",
       "            <td>9504</td>\n",
       "            <td>7.07</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>8</td>\n",
       "            <td>9376</td>\n",
       "            <td>1520</td>\n",
       "            <td>16.21</td>\n",
       "            <td>820</td>\n",
       "            <td>8.75</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>9</td>\n",
       "            <td>1252</td>\n",
       "            <td>331</td>\n",
       "            <td>26.44</td>\n",
       "            <td>179</td>\n",
       "            <td>14.3</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-----------------+-------------+----------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------+\n",
       "| MothersAgeGroup | TotalBirths | NICUAdmissions | NICUAdmissionRate | AssistedVentilation | AssistedVentilationRate |\n",
       "+-----------------+-------------+----------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------+\n",
       "|        1        |     1828    |      236       |       12.91       |         128         |           7.0           |\n",
       "|        2        |    143991   |     13525      |        9.39       |         8195        |           5.69          |\n",
       "|        3        |    639646   |     57150      |        8.93       |        35757        |           5.59          |\n",
       "|        4        |   1015812   |     90439      |        8.9        |        57607        |           5.67          |\n",
       "|        5        |   1121492   |     104244     |        9.3        |        65159        |           5.81          |\n",
       "|        6        |    608150   |     63809      |       10.49       |        38128        |           6.27          |\n",
       "|        7        |    134482   |     16898      |       12.57       |         9504        |           7.07          |\n",
       "|        8        |     9376    |      1520      |       16.21       |         820         |           8.75          |\n",
       "|        9        |     1252    |      331       |       26.44       |         179         |           14.3          |\n",
       "+-----------------+-------------+----------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    mager9 AS MothersAgeGroup,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS TotalBirths,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_nicu = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS NICUAdmissions,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN ab_nicu = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*), 2) AS NICUAdmissionRate,\n",
    "    SUM(CASE WHEN ab_aven1 = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS AssistedVentilation,\n",
    "    ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN ab_aven1 = 'Y' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*), 2) AS AssistedVentilationRate\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    mager9\n",
    "ORDER BY \n",
    "    MothersAgeGroup;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Prenatal Care"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### distribution of when prenatal care begins among mothers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>prenatal_care_start</th>\n",
       "            <th>count</th>\n",
       "            <th>percentage</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>1st to 3rd month</td>\n",
       "            <td>2766295</td>\n",
       "            <td>75.25</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>4th to 6th month</td>\n",
       "            <td>585850</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.94</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>7th to final month</td>\n",
       "            <td>166420</td>\n",
       "            <td>4.53</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Unknown or not stated</td>\n",
       "            <td>79586</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.16</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>No prenatal care</td>\n",
       "            <td>77878</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.12</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-----------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|  prenatal_care_start  |  count  | percentage |\n",
       "+-----------------------+---------+------------+\n",
       "|    1st to 3rd month   | 2766295 |   75.25    |\n",
       "|    4th to 6th month   |  585850 |   15.94    |\n",
       "|   7th to final month  |  166420 |    4.53    |\n",
       "| Unknown or not stated |  79586  |    2.16    |\n",
       "|    No prenatal care   |  77878  |    2.12    |\n",
       "+-----------------------+---------+------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN PRECARE5 = 1 THEN '1st to 3rd month'\n",
    "        WHEN PRECARE5 = 2 THEN '4th to 6th month'\n",
    "        WHEN PRECARE5 = 3 THEN '7th to final month'\n",
    "        WHEN PRECARE5 = 4 THEN 'No prenatal care'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown or not stated'\n",
    "    END AS prenatal_care_start,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS count,\n",
    "    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    prenatal_care_start\n",
    "ORDER BY \n",
    "    count DESC;\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### number of prenatal visits mothers had during their pregnancy."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<span style=\"None\">Running query in &#x27;duckdb&#x27;</span>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Running query in 'duckdb'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "    <thead>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <th>prenatal_visits</th>\n",
       "            <th>count</th>\n",
       "            <th>percentage</th>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </thead>\n",
       "    <tbody>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>11 to 12 visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>935338</td>\n",
       "            <td>25.44</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>9 to 10 visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>773357</td>\n",
       "            <td>21.04</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>13 to 14 visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>582542</td>\n",
       "            <td>15.85</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>7 to 8 visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>374515</td>\n",
       "            <td>10.19</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>15 to 16 visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>282076</td>\n",
       "            <td>7.67</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>5 to 6 visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>194118</td>\n",
       "            <td>5.28</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>19 or more visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>130751</td>\n",
       "            <td>3.56</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>3 to 4 visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>99136</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.7</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>17 to 18 visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>92952</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.53</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>Unknown or not stated</td>\n",
       "            <td>77764</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.12</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>No visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>77878</td>\n",
       "            <td>2.12</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "        <tr>\n",
       "            <td>1 to 2 visits</td>\n",
       "            <td>55602</td>\n",
       "            <td>1.51</td>\n",
       "        </tr>\n",
       "    </tbody>\n",
       "</table>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "+-----------------------+--------+------------+\n",
       "|    prenatal_visits    | count  | percentage |\n",
       "+-----------------------+--------+------------+\n",
       "|    11 to 12 visits    | 935338 |   25.44    |\n",
       "|     9 to 10 visits    | 773357 |   21.04    |\n",
       "|    13 to 14 visits    | 582542 |   15.85    |\n",
       "|     7 to 8 visits     | 374515 |   10.19    |\n",
       "|    15 to 16 visits    | 282076 |    7.67    |\n",
       "|     5 to 6 visits     | 194118 |    5.28    |\n",
       "|   19 or more visits   | 130751 |    3.56    |\n",
       "|     3 to 4 visits     | 99136  |    2.7     |\n",
       "|    17 to 18 visits    | 92952  |    2.53    |\n",
       "| Unknown or not stated | 77764  |    2.12    |\n",
       "|       No visits       | 77878  |    2.12    |\n",
       "|     1 to 2 visits     | 55602  |    1.51    |\n",
       "+-----------------------+--------+------------+"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%sql \n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "    CASE \n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 1 THEN 'No visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 2 THEN '1 to 2 visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 3 THEN '3 to 4 visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 4 THEN '5 to 6 visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 5 THEN '7 to 8 visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 6 THEN '9 to 10 visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 7 THEN '11 to 12 visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 8 THEN '13 to 14 visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 9 THEN '15 to 16 visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 10 THEN '17 to 18 visits'\n",
    "        WHEN PREVIS_REC = 11 THEN '19 or more visits'\n",
    "        ELSE 'Unknown or not stated'\n",
    "    END AS prenatal_visits,\n",
    "    COUNT(*) AS count,\n",
    "    ROUND(COUNT(*) * 100.0 / (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM natality2022us), 2) AS percentage\n",
    "FROM \n",
    "    natality2022us\n",
    "GROUP BY \n",
    "    prenatal_visits\n",
    "ORDER BY\n",
    "    percentage DESC;\n"
   ]
  }
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