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---
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- description : GRASS GIS Database
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+ description : GRASS Database
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---
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- # GRASS GIS Database
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+ # GRASS Database
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- A GRASS GIS Database is simply a set of directories and files with
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- certain structure which GRASS GIS works efficiently with. Project is a
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+ A GRASS Database is simply a set of directories and files with
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+ certain structure which GRASS works efficiently with. Project is a
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directory with data related to one geographic location or a project. All
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data within one project has the same coordinate reference system. A
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project contains mapsets and each mapset contains data related to a
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specific task, user or a smaller project. Within each project, a
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mandatory PERMANENT mapset exists which can contain commonly used data
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within one GRASS project such as base maps. The PERMANENT mapset also
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contains metadata related to the project such as the coordinate
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- reference system. When GRASS GIS is started it connects to a database,
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+ reference system. When GRASS is started it connects to a database,
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project and mapset specified by the user.
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![ example: nc_spm - highway - elevation] ( grass_database.png )
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- * Fig. 1: GRASS GIS Database structure as visible to the user*
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+ * Fig. 1: GRASS Database structure as visible to the user*
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- ## GRASS GIS Database Directory
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+ ## GRASS Database Directory
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- All data for GRASS GIS must be in GRASS GIS Database which is a
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+ All data for GRASS must be in GRASS Database which is a
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directory (visible on the disk) containing subdirectories which are
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GRASS projects. User can have one or more of Databases on the disk.
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Typically users have one directory called ` grassdata ` in their home
@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ directory mounted as a network directory (network file system). For
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teams, a centralized GRASS DATABASE would be defined in a shared network
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file system (e.g. NFS).
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- GRASS GIS Databases can be safely copied or moved as any other
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+ GRASS Databases can be safely copied or moved as any other
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directories. Don't be confused with (relational) databases which are
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- used in GRASS GIS to hold attribute data and might be part of the GRASS
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- GIS Database. From user point of view, GRASS GIS Database with all its
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+ used in GRASS to hold attribute data and might be part of the GRASS
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+ Database. From user point of view, GRASS Database with all its
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data in it is similar to, e.g. PostGIS, database, as it stores all
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information inside in a specific format and is accessible by specific
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- tools. GRASS GIS Databases is in GRASS GIS often called GISDBASE or
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+ tools. GRASS Database is often called GISDBASE or
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DATABASE.
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## GRASS Projects
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GRASS projects can be safely copied or moved as any other directories.
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Compressed projects are usually what GRASS users exchange between each
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- other when they want to share a lot of data. For example, GRASS GIS
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+ other when they want to share a lot of data. For example, GRASS
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sample data are provided as projects.
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Note that a GRASS project used to be called * location* and this name has
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not been completely removed from code and documentation yet.
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Users and programmers familiar with relational databases such as
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PostgreSQL can view projects as individual databases inside a storage
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- area (the GRASS GIS Database). Mapsets in a project are like namespaces
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+ area (the GRASS Database). Mapsets in a project are like namespaces
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or schemas inside a database.
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## GRASS Mapsets
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Mapsets contains the actual data, mostly geospatial data, referred to as
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- maps in GRASS GIS . Mapsets are a tool for organizing maps in a
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+ maps in GRASS. Mapsets are a tool for organizing maps in a
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transparent way as well as a tool for isolating different tasks to
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prevent data loss.
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- GRASS GIS is always connected to one particular mapset. GRASS GIS
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+ GRASS is always connected to one particular mapset. GRASS
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modules can create, modify, change, or delete a data only in the current
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mapset. By default, only the data from the current mapset and PERMANENT
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mapset are visible. Using [ * g.mapsets* ] ( g.mapsets.md ) module or in GUI
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coordinate reference systems, it is recommended to use
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[ * r.proj* ] ( r.proj.md ) or [ * v.proj* ] ( v.proj.md ) to reproject the data.
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The files and directories should not be moved or modified directly, but
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- only using GRASS GIS tools.
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+ only using GRASS tools.
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## The role of the PERMANENT Mapset
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- When creating a new project, GRASS GIS automatically creates a special
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+ When creating a new project, GRASS automatically creates a special
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mapset called PERMANENT where the core data for the project are stored.
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Since the maps in PERMANENT mapset are visible from all the other
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general spatial data (e.g. an elevation model), accessible but
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write-protected to all users who are working with the same GRASS project
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as the database owner. To manipulate or add data to PERMANENT, the owner
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- can start GRASS GIS and choose the relevant project and the PERMANENT
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+ can start GRASS and choose the relevant project and the PERMANENT
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mapset.
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The PERMANENT mapset also contains the ` DEFAULT_WIND ` file which holds
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## Importing, exporting and linking data
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- GRASS GIS works only with data which are imported into a GRASS Database,
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+ GRASS works only with data which are imported into a GRASS Database,
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so all data needs to be imported, e.g. by [ * r.in.gdal* ] ( r.in.gdal.md ) or
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highly convenient [ * r.import* ] ( r.import.md ) , before the actual analysis.
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Data in GRASS Datable can be exported using for example
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where the actual data will be stored, however in GRASS Database the data
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will be created as standard maps.
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- ## Starting GRASS GIS
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+ ## Starting GRASS
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- After launching GRASS GIS for the first time, the GUI opens in a default
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+ After launching GRASS for the first time, the GUI opens in a default
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project ` world_latlong_wgs84 ` . From there a new project can be created.
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- ![ GRASS GIS GUI after first start] ( grass_start.png )
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+ ![ GRASS GUI after first start] ( grass_start.png )
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- GRASS GIS can be also started with a given database, project and mapset
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+ GRASS can be also started with a given database, project and mapset
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from the command line. For example, the following will start in a given
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mapset with only command line interface:
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